基于多值CA模型的两轮车加速过程建模与分析  

Simulation and Analysis of Two-wheel Vehicle Acceleration Based on Multi-value CA Model

作　　者：夏亮[1,2] 郭廷龙[1] 刘仰[1,2] 江欣国[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院,四川成都610031 [2]综合交通运输智能化国家地方联合工程实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2017年第1期112-119,共8页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71271176);四川省青年基金项目(2014JQ0014)

摘　　要：在多值元胞自动机模型(EBCA2模型)的基础上,首先,对最大速度进行了扩展,并引入车辆的加速过程,建立了适用于人力自行车、电动自行车和摩托车的多值元胞自动机交通流模型。然后,对改进模型和非机动车两值元胞自动机模型进行了仿真对比分析。最后,利用改进模型分别模拟了两轮车在不同的最大速度、最大加速度和车辆的慢化行为下的交通流,并分析了这些参数对交通流的影响。仿真结果表明:与两值元胞自动机模型相比,在保证车流的流量-密度-速度特性不受影响的情况下,改进模型大大增加了其仿真速度;车辆的加速过程、慢化车辆数和低速车辆慢化行为都会对系统交通流产生一定影响,加速度变化对交通流影响较大,不同速度下的随机慢化行为对交通流的影响不同。On the basis of multi-value cellular automaton （EBCA2） model, first, we extended the maximum velocity of simulation object and introduced the vehicle accelerating process to build a multi-value cellular automaton traffic flow model which can be applicable to human-powered bicycle, electric bicycle and motorcycle. Then, we simulated and comparatively analysed the improved model and the non-motorized vehicle two-value cellular automaton model. Finally, with the help of the improved model, we simulated the traffic flows of two-wheeled vehicle with different maximum velocities, accelerations and stochastic deceleration behaviors. Meanwhile, we analysed the influence of these parameter on traffic flow. The simulation result shows that （ 1 ） compared with the two-value cellular automaton model, the simulation speed of improved model is greatly increased when the volume-density-velocity characteristic of traffic flow is not affected ; （2） the acceleration process, the number of decelerated vehicles, and the deceleration behaviors of low-speed vehicles have significant influences on the traffic flow, among which the change of acceleration has the most effect; （3） the effects of stochastic deceleration behaviors on the traffic flow under different velocities is different.

关 键 词：交通工程 交通流模型 仿真 对比分析 多值元胞自动机 两轮车 加速度 随机慢化 

分 类 号：U491.225[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]