量词重叠的句法  

The syntax of classifier reduplication

作　　者：隋娜[1] 胡建华[2] 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学外国语学院 [2]中国社会科学院语言研究所

出　　处：《中国语文》2017年第1期22-41,共20页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"论元选择中的显著性和局部性研究"(14AYY016);教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"重叠的句法和语义研究"(15YJC740070);国家社会科学基金一般项目"形式句法语段理论与名词短语的句法;语义和形态研究"(16BYY003)

摘　　要：本文研究汉语量词重叠的句法机制,着重讨论量词重叠形式为什么不能与全称量化词"每"共现,为什么与量化副词"都"搭配以及出现在宾语位置时会受限制。本文指出,汉语量词的词法结构有两种实现形式:一种是由Cl直接构成的简单形式,另一种是由名词性的内核N合并功能语类Cl生成的复杂形式。汉语的AA重叠操作可以在句法中作用于量词,产生量词重叠式,也可以在词法中作用于名词性内核,生成述谓短语Pred P。句法推导生成的量词重叠式带有[TOP]特征,不能处于宾语位置,不能与"每"共现,但可以与"都"连用。而在词法中生成的述谓短语Pred P可以出现在宾语位置,但却不能与量化副词"都"连用。This paper investigates the syntax of classifier classifiers reduplication in Mandarin Chinese.Under markers Zhangs denoting(2013)abundant analysis,plurality,reduplicated which,in Chinese nature,are treated as plural being defective in need to be licensed by either the universal quantifier DOU or the existential quantifier YI.However,the authors argue that necessary Zhangs where licensing condition might be might neither not nor by sufficient,as there are and examples the reduplicated the classifiers be licensed gege the occurrence you of YI DOU.All For the instance,students following their two examples*yi xuesheng ziji de wangye ofhave came webpagesthe and gugu zhengqi(*dou)cong jiqi pen-le and chulaiPuffs of steam The out of machinethat are still ungrammatical though not YI DOU occur and in them.paper indicates reduplicated classifiers are plural markers that When AA the reduplication,as a quantificational device,can apply at different occur levels the of grammar.AA reduplicated complex is derived be at syntax,by it cannot in object position as it has a[TOP]feature Topic]position.that When must checked the placement of the DP containing it in the[Spec,does AA reduplication can applies at the lexicon,the derived complex not bear a[TOP]feature at and thus occur in the object position.adjoined The AA and reduplicated would form derived the lexicon,a PredP under this analysis,is to NP produce a structure like[_NP[_(Pred)Pduo.duo][_(NP)lianhua]].

关 键 词：量词重叠 词法结构 句法限制 话题特征 全称量 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语] H314.3