3种木腐菌菌棒出菇前后化学成分的差异性  

Chemical Composition for Three Kinds of Wood-decay Fungus Culture Medium and the Residue of Virgulate after Cultivating

作　　者：魏海龙[1] 周伟[2] 庄晓伟[1] 潘炘[1] 黄俊[2] 胡传久[1] 程俊文[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省林业科学研究院浙江省森林资源与生物质化学利用重点实验室,浙江杭州310023 [2]浙江农林大学工程学院,浙江临安210037

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2017年第1期36-40,共5页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：浙江省省院合作项目(2013SY15)

摘　　要：对香菇、黑木耳、灵芝出菇前后的菌棒以及松木屑(对照)的9项化学组成进行了分析和对比研究。结果表明,香菇、黑木耳和灵芝出菇后废菌棒灰分含量为3.19%~6.02%,灰分含量偏高,将限制其替代木屑制备机制炭的质量;出菇后的废菌棒冷水抽提物、热水抽提物、1%NaOH抽提物含量均大于其他样品,而且差异显著,说明出菇后的废菌棒含有更多的低分子多戊糖和木素;出菇后废菌棒中苯醇抽提物含量为3.47%~11.81%,将影响其制备过程中机制炭的成型。香菇、黑木耳和灵芝出菇前后的菌棒中的木质素含量差异较小,对替代木屑制备机制炭影响较小;出菇前综纤维素、α纤维素、硝酸乙醇纤维素、聚戊糖的含量均明显高于其出菇后,而纤维素和木质素含量低,将导致机制炭的成型困难和机制棒燃烧性能低等问题。因此,利用3种木腐菌废菌棒代替木屑生产机制炭,要控制其用量。Nine chemical components of Lentinus edodes, A uricularia auricula-judae and Ganoderma lucidum for culture medium, the residue of virgulate after cultivating and of pine sawdust were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the ash content of L. eclodes virgulate after cultivating was the highest of 6.02% in the sample, so it was not suitable for machine-made rod. In the results of cold water extractives, hot water extractives and 1% NaOH extractives of L. edodes virgulate after cultivating was also the highest in all samples, which mean the L. edodes virgulate after cultivating contained more low molecular pentose and molecular lignin. The benzene-ethanol extractives of virgulate medium for L. edodes was the highest of 11.81% in samples. The benzene-ethanol extractives of virgulate medium for A. auricula-judae was the lowest and the number was 1.68%. The change of lignin in virgulate and virgulate after cultivating was small. Holoeellulose, a-cellulose, nitric acid-ethanol cellulose, pentosane in virgulate were higher than these in virgulate after cultivating.

关 键 词：香菇 黑木耳 灵芝 菌棒 化学成分 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]