北京市城市轨道交通通勤大客流特征分析  

An Analysis on Characteristics of Large Passenger Flow of Commuters in Urban Rail Transit:A Case Study in Beijing

作　　者：豆飞[1,2] 潘晓军[2] 张琦[1,3] 肖文锦[1] 马坤[1] DOU Fei PAN Xiaojun ZHANG Qi XIAO Wenjin MA Kun(School of traffic and transportation Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044, China The Research Center of Rail Operation technology , Beijing Subway Operation Company ,Beijing 102208？ China State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety 9Beijing 100044, China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院，北京 100044 [2]北京市地铁运营有限公司地铁运营技术研发中心，北京 102208 [3]北京交通大学轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室，北京 100044

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2016年第6期37-47,共11页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1434207);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2015JBM046);轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室自主研究课题(RCS2014ZTY1)资助

摘　　要：分析了城市轨道交通通勤大客流的产生原因、特征及其主要表现。结合大客流对线网的影响作用,构建大客流指标体系,提出针对通勤大客流时空分布特征的评价分析方法;定义相对满载率,对大客流时空传播进行量化表征。基于北京市城市轨道交通运营统计数据,对北京市城市轨道交通早高峰通勤大客流的总体特征及时空变化进行分析,定位了发生大客流的线路、车站和断面,获取早高峰通勤大客流在规模、方向、时空分布等方面的基本规律。结果表明,换乘方向客流不均衡对换乘站大客流具有重要影响;最拥堵断面常分布于郊区线与主干线换乘点附近;换乘站较多的线路,拥挤持续时间较短且疏散较快。This study analyzes causes,characteristics,and main performances of large passenger flow of commuters in rail transit in Beijing.Considering the impacts of large passenger flow on networks,an indicator system is developed to evaluate space distribution of large passenger flow of commuters.Relative Load Factors are defined to describe propagational tendency of large passenger flow of commuters in morning peak hours.Based on operation statistics of rail transit in Beijing,its overall characteristics and temporal-spatial changes are analyzed.Lines,stations and sections which are easily affected by commuters are also identified.Basic rules of scale,directions and temporal-spatial distribution of large passenger flow in morning peak hours are studied.The results show that unbalanced transfer flow has great influences on transfer stations.Location of congested sections are near transfer stations which between suburban lines and urban lines.Lines with more transfer stations have relative shorter time of congestion.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 通勤大客流 相对满载率 客流特征 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]