基于车轨耦合和扣件精细模型的弹条疲劳分析  

Fatigue analysis of spring clip based on vehicle-track coupled model and detailed fastener model

作　　者：辛涛[1,2,3] 杨学敏[1] 肖宏[1,2,3] 张琦[1] XIN Wao YANG Xuemin XIAO Hong ZHANG Qi(School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China Beijing Key Laboratory of Track Engineering, Beijing 100044, China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Rail Traffic Line Safety and Disaster Prevention, Beijing 100044, China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044 [2]轨道工程北京市重点实验室,北京100044 [3]北京市轨道交通线路工程与防灾工程技术研究中心,北京100044

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第12期4270-4276,共7页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51208034;51578055);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2015JBZ012);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划项目(2015G001)~~

摘　　要：针对扣件弹条的疲劳断裂问题,利用数值仿真手段对弹条疲劳寿命进行分析。首先,建立车辆-轨道耦合动力分析模型,通过仿真得到轨底垂向位移时程曲线;然后,建立扣件精细分析模型,将轨底垂向位移时程曲线作为输入荷载,计算得到扣件弹条的应力和应变时程曲线;最后,结合疲劳分析方法和累积损伤理论,对弹条的疲劳寿命进行分析。研究结果表明:弹条小圆弧处疲劳寿命最低,最易发生损坏,与现场调查结果一致;弹条疲劳寿命与安装弹程密切相关,随着弹条安装弹程的增大,弹条疲劳寿命急剧降低;为了延长扣件使用寿命,线路运营中应避免弹条的安装弹程过高。Aiming at the fatigue fracture problem of rail fastening spring clip, a numerical simulation method was used to estimate its fatigue life. Firstly, a vehicle-track coupled model was established and the time history curve of rail foot vertical displacement was obtained. Secondly, a detailed fastener model was established, which uses the rail foot displacement curve as input loads. Then, the time history curves of spring clip stress and strain were obtained. Finally, the fatigue life of spring clip was analyzed according to the fatigue analysis method and cumulative damage theory. The results show that the small curve area of spring clip has the lowest fatigue life and is the most prone to damage, which is consistent with the field survey results. In addition, the fatigue life is closely related to the installation height. With the increase of the installation height, the life is sharply reduced. In order to extend the fastener service life, the excessive installation of the spring clip during operation should be avoided.

关 键 词：扣件弹条 疲劳寿命 车轨耦合 精细模型 仿真分析 

分 类 号：U213.531[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]