中国医学生和留学生学习动机与影响因素的比较研究  

Comparison study of learning motivation and the affect factors between Chinese and international medical students

作　　者：张云[1] 杨小湜[3] 于洋[2] 王晶[2] 刘宏娟[2] 赵玥婷[4] 刘静[4] Zhang Yun Yang Xiaoshi Yu Yang Wang Jing Liu Hongjuan Zhao Yueting Liu Jing(The First Clinical Department of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China Student Office, The First Clinical Department of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China Department of Social Medicine, Public Health College of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China Student Office, International Education School of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学临床一系,沈阳110122 [2]中国医科大学公共卫生学院社会医学教研室,沈阳110122 [3]中国医科大学临床一系学生工作办公室,沈阳110122 [4]中国医科大学国际教育学院学生科,沈阳110122

出　　处：《中华医学教育杂志》2016年第4期530-533,554,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Education

基　　金：辽宁省教育科学“十二五”规划2015年度项目：“医学生心理健康现状及其应对策略的研究”（JG15DB462）

摘　　要：目的 评价医学生的学习动机状况,探讨研究其影响因素,分析中国学生与留学生学习动机的差异及其与自我效能和社会支持的相关性,为教学实际应用和教育改革策略提供科学依据.方法 采取随机抽样方法,选取中国医科大学1000名医学生和留学生为研究对象.利用学习动机量表,分析中国医学生与留学生的学习动机差异,并对自我效能和社会支持等影响因素与医学生学习动机的相关性进行评价.结果 中国医学生的内部动机评分为（2.94±0.48）分、外部动机评分为（5.35±0.88）分,分别低于留学生的内部动机评分（3.20±0.36）分、外部动机评分（5.54±0.74）分,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;中国医学生自我效能评分为（26.82±6.30）分,留学生自我效能评分为（30.28±4.03）分,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 中国医学生总体学习动机状况较低,留学生总体学习动机状况较高;自我效能对医学生学习动机有积极影响,社会支持对医学生学习动机有消极影响.Objective This paper is to evaluate the status of medical students‘ learning motivation,discuss the effect factors,analyze the difference of learning motivation between Chinese and foreign students,and analyze the relationship between self efficiency and social support so as to provide the evidences for actual application and educational reform.Methods 1000 Chinese and foreign undergraduates were randomly selected as the study object.A questionnaire of learning motivation was conducted to the students.The difference of learning motivation was analyzed and the relationship between self efficiency and social support was analyzed.Results The score of intrinsic motivation of Chinese students was 2.94 ± 0.48 and the extrinsic motivation 5.35 ± 0.88.They were lower than those of foreign students,3.20 ± 0.36 and 5.54 ±0.74 （P 〈0.01） respectively.The self efficiency scores of Chinese and foreign students were 26.82 ± 6.30 and 30.28 ± 4.03 respectively,and they had a significant difference （P 〈 0.01）.Conclusions The status of Chinese medical students‘ learning motivation was lower while the foreign students was higher.Self efficiency had a positive effect on medical students‘ learning motivation and social support had a negative one.

关 键 词：医学生 留学生 学习动机 影响因素 自我效能 社会支持 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学] R-4[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]