两株拟除虫菊酯类农药降解菌的分离鉴定及其降解能力的研究  

Isolation and identification of two pyrethroid pesticides degradation strains and research of degradative capabilities

作　　者：刘波[1] 唐洁[1] 陈廷廷 史颖[1] 曾林[1] 曾朝懿[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华大学食品与生物工程学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2017年第4期214-219,224,共7页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：教育部春晖计划项目(Z2015122);四川省教育厅自然科学项目(114ZB0122);西华大学人才培养重点项目(z1310525);四川省食品生物技术重点实验室开放基金(szjj2014-011)

摘　　要：通过富集培养、梯度驯化方法,以拟除虫菊酯类农药降解率为指标,从菜园耕地土壤中分离筛选到两株可广谱降解拟除虫菊酯类农药的降解菌Q-7和G-04。经形态学观察、生理生化实验及16S rRNA基因序列分析,菌株Q-7鉴定为蜡样芽胞杆菌(Bacillus cereus),菌株G-04鉴定为地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)。两株降解菌都具备较强的拟除虫菊酯类农药耐受性,可在同时含高效氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯菊酯、联苯菊酯,且累积浓度为640 mg/L的培养基中生长。两株降解菌能同时降解初始浓度分别为50 mg/L的高效氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯菊酯和联苯菊酯,接种培养72 h后,菌株Q-7对高效氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯菊酯、联苯菊酯的降解率分别为48.31%、64.31%、33.46%、26.52%,菌株G-04的相应降解率为66.94%、45.04%、29.40%、26.40%。研究结果表明,菌株Q-7和菌株G-04具备广谱降解拟除虫菊酯类农药的能力,可作为修复拟除虫菊酯类农药污染环境的优良微生物资源。Two strains named Q-7 and G-04 capable of a broad spectrum degrading of pyrethroid pesticides were isolated from the plowlandsoil by using enrichment culture,gradient method and the determination of pyrethroid pesticides degradation rate.Based on the morphology,physio- biochemical characteristics,and 16 S rRNA sequence analysis,strain Q- 7 was identified as Bacillus cereus,strain G- 04 was identified as Bacillus licheniformis.Two strains showed a strong ability of resistance to the pesticides for growing in liquid medium which contains β- cypermethrin,fenvalerate,permethrin and bifenthrin with a total concentration of 640 mg / L.Two strains could degrade β- cypermethrin,fenvalerate,permethrin and bifenthrin with the initial concentration of 50 mg / L simultaneously,the degradation efficiency of β- cypermethrin,fenvalerate,permethrin,bifenthrin by stain Q-7 and stain G-04 respectively reached 48.31%,64.31%,33.46%,26.52% and 66.94%,45.04%,29.40%,26.40%within 72 hours.The results showed that the strain Q-7 and strain G-04 possessed capability of broad spectrum degradation of pyrethroid pesticides,could be used as good repair of pyrethroid pesticide environmental pollution microorganism resources.

关 键 词：拟除虫菊酯类农药 蜡样芽胞杆菌 地衣芽孢杆菌 生物降解 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]