简论德国早期浪漫主义对费希特哲学的批判和超越  

A brief investigation into Early German Romanticism's critique of and transcendence over Fichte's Philosophy

作　　者：张云涛[1] ZHANG Yun-tao(Academy of Humanities and Social Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430075, Chin)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人文社会科学研究院,湖北武汉430075

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2017年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目"施莱尔马赫文化神学研究"(编号:13YJC730008);武汉大学人文社科项目"德国早期浪漫主义哲学研究"

摘　　要：在德国早期浪漫主义者看来,费希特不满于康德的先验哲学的二元论和不彻底性,试图从一个无条件的第一原则推演和派生出封闭而完备的知识体系。不过,他的哲学无论在形式上,还是在内容上都存在困难。因此,应该用实在论取代观念论,用相互证明取代演绎法,用历史的描述和考察取代主观的抽象和思辨。虽然现实始终对意识在认知上保持一定程度的不透明性和不可通达性,但是这并不是求知者思想懒惰的理由,相反,他们应该拥有开放的心态,始终去追求它。藉此,他们增长了知识,获得了教化。In the view of Early German Romanticists, Fichte did not satisfy with dualism and non-radicality of Kant＇s transcendental philosophy, and made efforts to deduce and derive a closed and complete system of knowledge from an unconditional first principle. However, his philosophy has many difficulties in form and content. Therefore, it should replace Idealism with Realism, deduction with the alternating proof, the subjective abstraction and speculation with the historical description and exploration. Reality is always cognitively opaque and inaccessible to consciousness to some degree, but this is not the reason for laziness in thought for the truth seeker. On the contrary, he should keep an open mind, and seek it forever. Thereby, he can increase his knowledge and will be cultivated.

关 键 词：观念论 基础主义 实在论 相互证明 

分 类 号：B516.39[哲学宗教—外国哲学]