医学生社会适应能力状况及其与家庭教养方式关系研究  

A study on the relationship between medical students＇ social adaptability and their family education

作　　者：邵冰[1] 杜娟[2] 朱妙柔 章赛雪 郗艳丽[1] 富校轶[1] 王舒然[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林医药学院公共卫生学院,132013 [2]吉林医药学院药学院,132013

出　　处：《中华医学教育探索杂志》2017年第1期98-102,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research

基　　金：吉林省高等教育教学改革研究课题：吉林省教育厅重点课题

摘　　要：目的了解医学生社会适应能力状况并分析其与家庭教养方式的关系。方法采用横断面调查方法，以吉林市某医学院校201名医学生为对象，采用《父母教养方式评价量表》和《社会适应能力诊断量表》对医学生的家庭教养方式和社会适应能力状况开展问卷调查，收回有效问卷198份。应用SAS9．2软件进行统计，数据采用t检验和相关性分析。结果198名医学生中，社会适应能力良好和很强者所占比例分别为8．1％（16人）和2．0％（4人）；城市来源以及独生子女学生社会适应能力高于农村和非独生子女学生（P〈0．05）；在父母教养方式上，无论性别、是否是独生子女以及生源地，“情感温暖、理解”均与医学生的社会适应能力呈正相关（P〈0．05），而“拒绝、否认”均与医学生的社会适应能力呈负相关（P〈0．05）；另外，“惩罚、严厉”“过度保护”等教养方式与社会适应能力也呈一定程度负相关（P〈0．05）。结论医学生社会适应能力较差，家庭教养方式与医学生社会适应能力具有相关性。在家庭教养方式上父母应给予子女温暖和理解，而非拒绝、否认、惩罚、严厉和过度保护，才有助于提升其社会适应能力。Objective To understand the situation of medical students＇ social adaptability and ana- lyze its relationship with their family upbringing style. Methods A cross-sectional study was adopted, and the random sampling method was used to selected medical students as targeted population in a medical uni- versity in Jilin City. ＂Parenting Style Assessment Scale＂ and ＂Social Adaptation Diagnostic Scale＂ were applied to know the family rearing styles and social adaptability status of medical college students. Results Among the 198 responders, the proportion of good and strong social adaptability among medical college studies accounted for only 8.1% （16） and 2.0% （4）; The social adaptation ability of the urban students and the only child students was higher than that of the rural and non only child students （P〈0.05）; In parental rearing patterns, regardless of sex, whether students were the only child and where their census register was, ＂emotional warmth and understanding＂ were all positively correlated with medical students＇ social adaptation ability （P〈0.05）, while ＂refusal and denial＂ were negatively correlated with medical students＇ social adaptation ability （P〈O.05）; In addition, the ＂punishment, severe＂ ＂over protection＂ and other parenting styles also showed a certain degree of negative correlation with social adaptability（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The social adaptability of medical students is poor, and their parenting styles was correlated with their social adap- tation ability. Parents should give their children warmth and understanding, rather than rejection, denial, punishment, and overprotection, which will help to improve medical students＇ social adaptability.

关 键 词：医学生 家庭教养方式 社会适应能力 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]