“伯牛有疾”现象探析  

The Analysis on the “Fearful-ill Bo Niu” Phenomenon

作　　者：刘雪飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学历史文化学院,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2016年第6期10-15,共6页Qilu Journal

基　　金：山东省孔子与山东文化强省战略协同创新中心科研创新项目"孔子思想的伦理智慧及其当代价值研究"(KZXT01YB04);"孔子与孔门弟子"(KZXT03ZD04)

摘　　要：孔子在探望其德行出众却罹患"恶疾"的弟子伯牛时,曾发出"斯人斯疾"以及"亡之,命矣"的慨叹,伯牛因此被后人视为行善而遭祸的典型。世人在言说"伯牛有疾"时,通常将其与"颜回短命"、"子路菹醢"、"子夏失明"等相提并论。它们折射出的哲学省思是:天道是否定然福善祸淫,人的穷达寿夭与德行究竟有无关联,如何审视所谓的"天命"对于世间人事的影响等。在此意义上,"伯牛有疾"构成了一种独特的文化现象,而孔子乐天知命、不怨天尤人、尽人事而后听天命的人生态度,正是对"伯牛有疾"现象最为积极的诠释。Bo Niu,one of Confucius＇ s disciple,outstanding-virtue, suffer from nasty disease however. Confucius visit him, issued with emotion a helpless lament on ＂how a good man get terrible diseases？＂and＂it is destiny that killed Bo Niu＂. Bo Niu usually was regarded as typical example of benefiting but suffering disaster after Confucius. People always mentioned＂Shortlived Yan Hui＂,＂Finely-chopped Zi Lu＂,＂Blind Zi Xia＇and＂Fearful-ill Bo Niu＇in the same breath. They refract common philo- sophical problems, that if God blesses the good and punish the evil, if there is a connection between virtue and life or death, poverty or richness, weal or woe, how to regard the influence of natural law on human being as a dissident power, etc. Upon this significance,＂Fearful-ill Bo Niu＂constitutes a characteristic cultural phenomenon. Furthermore, Confucius＇s posture of ＂Optimistic attitude to life＂, Not complaining, and＂do one＇s best then obey the destiny＂is most positive interpretation on ＂Fearful-ill Bo Niu＂phenomenon.

关 键 词：伯牛有疾 福善祸淫 德行 天命 

分 类 号：B222.3[哲学宗教—中国哲学]