教育对农村居民收入差距有多大影响  

Does Education Narrow the Income Gap of Rural

作　　者：吴振华[1,2] 张学敏[1] Wu Zhenhua Zhang Xuemin(Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Minorities, Faculty of Education, Southwest University, Chongqin 400715)

机构地区：[1]西南大学西南民族教育与心理研究中心教育学部,重庆400715 [2]西南政法大学经济学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2017年第1期36-44,共9页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：重庆市社科规划培育项目“教育非均衡发展与农村内部收入差距研究”(2014PY10);自然科学基金“生计资本框架下农村贫困的代际传递性、传递机理与阻断政策选择研究”(71603220)的部分成果

摘　　要：本文基于教育扩展与教育分配的视角,分析教育对农村居民收入差距的影响,探寻教育是否能够有效缩小农村居民收入差距,并利用1997-2012年的面板数据,应用OLS估计法和系统GMM估计法分别对这一问题进行了实证研究。研究结果表明:教育对缩小农村居民收入差距的作用取决于教育扩展和教育分配的交互影响,教育扩展缩小农村居民收入差距的作用以教育基尼系数代表的教育分配公平水平低于某一临界值为条件,教育分配缩小农村居民收入差距的作用也以平均受教育年限代表的教育扩展水平高于某一临界值为前提,现阶段我国农村地区教育扩展及教育公平水平的提升均利于收入差距的收敛。This paper analyzes the impact of education on rural residents＂ income gap and explore whether education can effectively reduce the income gap of rural residents in the perspective of education expansion and education distribution.This is studied by empirical research methods including the OLS estimation method and the GMM estimation method using panel data from 1997 to 2012. The results show that the effect of education on reducing the income gap of rural residents depends on the interaction between education expansion and educational allocation, the role of education expansion in narrowing the income gap of rural residents is based on the educational allocation fairness level represented by the education Gini coefficient below 0.19, the role of education equity in narrowing the income gap of rural residents is also based on the fact that the average level of education represented by the educational expansion level is higher than 7.87 years. At present, the expansion of education and the promotion of educational equity in rural areas are conducive to the convergence of income gap.

关 键 词：教育扩展 教育分配 农村居民 收入差距 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]