持续干旱胁迫对青薯9号幼苗生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of Persistence Drought on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Potato Seedlings

作　　者：邓仁菊 卢扬 曾宪浩 何天久 潘建梅 雷尊国 

机构地区：[1]贵州省生物技术研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第2期291-295,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家星火计划项目"贵州脱毒马铃薯种薯扩繁及优质鲜薯周年生产产业化示范"(2011GA820001);贵州省科技重大专项"科特派特色优质马铃薯创业链技术服务与示范"[黔科合重大专项字(2013)6010-6];贵州省科技创新人才团队建设专项资金项目"贵州省马铃薯育种及逆境栽培创新团队"[黔科合人才团队(2013)4003];贵州省科研机构服务企业行动计划项目"马铃薯产业化集成技术服务威宁县马铃薯产业科技示范园区"[黔科合服企(2015)4005]

摘　　要：为青薯9号马铃薯新品种在贵州干旱石漠化地区的推广应用提供参考,采用盆栽模拟干旱试验研究持续干旱胁迫对青薯9号幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明:在不同干旱胁迫条件下,轻度干旱胁迫对青薯9号幼苗株高和地上部生物量的影响不明显,但随着干旱胁迫程度增加和持续时间的延长,幼苗生长受抑制程度明显;相对电解质渗出率(REC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量均随干旱胁迫程度增加和持续时间的延长呈逐渐增加趋势,在持续干旱第20天,轻度干旱胁迫、中度干旱胁迫和重度干旱胁迫青薯9号叶片的REC和MDA含量分别比对照增加34.5%和39.7%、124.5%和116.3%、177.0%和152.0%。在整个干旱胁迫过程中,青薯9号叶片的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸(Pro)含量均显著高于对照,其中,Pro含量随干旱持续时间的延长呈先升高后降低趋势,并在轻度干旱胁迫第15天达最大值,中度和重度干旱胁迫第10天达最大值;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)在轻度干旱胁迫下呈逐渐增加趋势,而在中度和重度干旱胁迫下随持续时间的延长呈先升高后降低趋势,即在长期轻度、短期中度和重度干旱胁迫下,青薯9号幼苗可以通过提高细胞抗氧化酶活性来清除体内多余活性氧,维持膜稳定性,但随胁迫强度的增加和胁迫时间的延长,抗氧化酶活性明显降低,膜脂过氧化酶增强,植株受到严重伤害。The effects of persistence drought on growth and physiological characteristics of Qingshu 9 seedlings were studied by a pot simula- ted drought method to provide a reference for popularization and application of Qingshu 9, a new potato variety, in drought and stony deserti- fication areas, Guizhou. Results： Mild drought stress has no obvious effect on plant height and overground biomass of potato seedlings but seedling growth is obviously inhibited with increase of drought stress degree and prolongation of drought duration. Leaf REC and MDA con- tent presents a gradual rising trend with increase of drought stress degree and prolongation of drought duration. Leaf REC and MDA content under mild, moderate and heavy drought stress for 20d drought duration is 34.5 % and 39.7 %, 124.5 % and 116.3 %, 177.0 % and 152.0 % respectively. Leaf soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline content is significantly higher than CK during the process of drought stress. The proline content presents a first rising and then declining trend with prolongation of drought duration. Leaf proline content reaches the maximum under mild drought stress after 15d drought duration and under moderate and heavy drought stress ＂after 10d drought duration.Leaf SOD and POD content presents a gradual rising trend under mild drought stress but a first rising and then declining trend with prolongation of drought duration under moderate and heavy drought stress. Qianshu 9 seedlings can remove internal surplus active oxy- gen by raising cell autioxidant enzyme activity to maintain mem- brane stability but seedlings suffer severe damage with increase of drought stress degree and prolongation of drought duration because its decrease of autioxidant enzyme activity and increase of mem- brane lipid peroxidase.

关 键 词：马铃薯 干旱胁迫 幼苗生长 生理特性 青薯9号 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]