西南地区农村留守儿童学习现状调查研究——基于川、滇、黔、渝四省市的实证分析  

A Survey of Left-behind Children's Academic Performance in Rural Areas of Southwest China——Based on an Empirical Analysis of Sichuan,Yunnan,Guizhou and Chongqing

作　　者：汪建华[1] 刘恬[1] WANG Jian-hua LIU Tian(Faculty of Education, Southwest University, Ghongqing 400715, China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第1期119-127,共9页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：重庆市教育科学规划重点课题"新型城镇化进程中重庆乡村教育现状调查与发展对策研究"(课题批准号:2014-GX-001);重庆市人文社会科学重点研究基地重点项目"中国近现代基础教育历史发展与基础教育综合改革深化研究"(项目批准号:14SKB030)

摘　　要：通过对西南地区四省市(四川、云南、贵州、重庆)20所农村学校1,822名留守儿童学习现状的调查研究发现:第一,留守儿童总体学习状况良好,处于中等水平;第二,留守儿童总体学习水平女生显著高于男生;第三,留守儿童总体学习水平的年级差异显著,学生总体学习水平及其各维度整体呈现向右倾斜的"W"型递减趋势;第四,就近入学的留守儿童学习总体水平显著高于择校的留守儿童,走读的留守儿童学习总体水平及各个维度的水平均显著高于住校的留守儿童;第五,父母对留守儿童学习情况的了解程度在留守儿童总体学习水平及各个维度水平上均存在显著性差异,留守儿童感知到的父母对其学习情况的了解程度与留守儿童自身学习水平存在显著的线性关系。为此,需要多方联动,着力提升留守儿童学习管理水平;因材施教,注重提升留守男童的学习水平;对症下药,把握留守儿童学习水平的年级变化趋势;多措并举,增强留守儿童的学习适应能力;以情育人,加强父母与留守儿童的沟通与交流。a survey of left-behind students＇ academic performance in 20 rural schools in the four provinces, there are five implications to be unfolded, as is found, firstly, the academic performance of left-behind students is at the intermediate level; secondly, gender matters much for female students perform academically better than male ones; thirdly, grade also matters in that the general academic performance of left-behind children reveals a trend of an visual W, fourthly, the overall learning level of left-behind children enrolled in nearby schools is sig- nificantly higher than that of school-selecting left-behind children, while the overall learning level and various di- mensions of day students are clearly higher than those of students in residence ; fifthly, the cognition of the parents is proportional to the level of left-behind children and various dimensions in their overall level of learning, for there is a significant link between left-behind children and their parents＇ awareness of their situation. Therefore, many suggestions to address these issues are proposed in this paper. Firstly, concerted efforts must be made among all parties concerned to improve the management of left-behind children＇ s learning; secondly, pains should be taken to teach left-behind boy students in line with their aptitude so as to enhance their learning level; thirdly, it is nec- essary to grasp the change trend of learning in left-behind children of different grades ; fourthly, measures should be taken to improve the learning adaptability of left-behind children; and finally, efforts must be made to consolidate the communication and exchanges between left behind children and their parents.

关 键 词：留守儿童 学习现状 问题 对策 

分 类 号：G455[文化科学—教育学]