团队悟性创新理论框架:中国航天工程情境下的本土创新案例研究  

A Conceptual Framework of “Wu”-based Innovation at the Team Level: A Case Study on Indigenous Innovation in the Context of Aerospace Projects

作　　者：王馨[1] 李平[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学文化传承与知识创新中心,北京100081 [2]西交利物浦大学国际商学院,江苏苏州215123 [3]哥本哈根商学院国际经济与管理系

出　　处：《外国经济与管理》2017年第3期3-23,共21页Foreign Economics & Management

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(12CTQ034);北京理工大学基础研究基金项目(20131542005)

摘　　要：本文从本土管理研究的视角出发,立足中国传统哲学的悟性思维,研究团队悟性创新过程。所谓悟性思维,是指怀抱放下束缚的心态,采取非二元对立的观察方法,运用取象比类的认知模式(由直觉、想象、象征、联想、类比等要素所构成),获得求解问题之本质洞见的思维过程。基于知识创新和组织学习文献,并借助西方哲学家哈贝马斯的非主题知识(来自生活世界)和主题知识(来自科学微世界)概念分类,以中国航天某一创新团队的四个悟性创新案例为研究对象,本文构建了团队悟性创新理论框架。研究发现,团队悟性创新涉及个体悟性和团队悟性两个层面,分为悟性开启、悟性运思和悟性实现三个阶段,团队悟性创新不仅要充分运用主题知识,更需要巧妙地借助于非主题知识的触类旁通式启发创造性地解决问题;团队成员通过运用取象比类的认知模式,在生活世界和科学微世界之间实现有效的跨域映射,进而获得新洞见和新方案。本研究的主要贡献在于构建团队悟性创新过程模型,包含:(1)知止——主题知识领域求解卡壳,(2)归零——放下束缚回归问题原点,(3)内观——运用不同于科学观察的方法获得原创却模糊的总体思路,(4)启发——在非主题知识领域通过联想与类比触发跨域的相通启发,(5)洞见——获得求解问题的清晰本质洞见,(6)落地——通过严谨论证构建创新方案等6步骤动态过程。此外,所选取的科研团队创新情境,提供了悟性与理性思维互补接轨的实例,为东西方思维方式的会通融合提供了生动的启示。From a perspective of indigenous management research, this paper studies a conceptual framework about team-level innovation based on the traditional philosophical notion of ＂Wu＂. ＂Wu＂- based thinking is a unique process of thinking involving intuition, non-dualistic observation, imagination, symbolism, metaphor, analogy, and insight. Based on the literature about knowledge creation and organizational learning, the new framework of＂Wu＂-based team-level innovation emerges from four cases of ＂Wu＂-based knowledge creation in a Chinese aerospace team, with a special reference to the Western notion of unthematic knowledge（from the real-life world）and thematic knowledge （from the science micro world）advanced by Jiirgen Habermas. This study has identified that team-level ＂Wu＂-based innovation occurs across the levels of individual and team, and across the three phases of ＂Wu＂-based initiation, ＂Wu＂-based revelation, and ＂Wu＂-based solution. It finds that ＂Wu＂- based team-level innovation emphasizes not only utilizing the thematic knowledge to the greatest extent, but also exploring novel perspectives by evoking the ＂scaffolding＂ inspiration from the unthematic knowledge; by following the cognitive model of metaphor, team members establish an open crossover mapping between the life world and microworld to explore their underlying links for potential insights. The main contributions of this study lie in the proposed framework of ＂Wu＂-based team-level innovation process with six specific steps： firstly, getting stuck in the thematic knowledge domain; secondly, returning to the original source as the restarting point with playful freedom; thirdly, non- dualistic observation toward suddenly getting an ambiguous idea; fourthly, triggering inspirations of the underlying link between the two mapping domains via an inspiring metaphor when exploring in a unthematic knowledge domain; fifthly, getting a clear and deep insight into the complex puzzle; sixthly, obtaining innovative

关 键 词：团队悟性创新 悟性思维 取象比类 知识创造 主题知识 非主题知识 本土管理研究 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]