离子注入不动杆菌的降解特性  

Degradation Characteristics of Ion Implantation Acinetobacter

作　　者：马睿[1] 蔡长龙[1] 梁海锋[1] 严一心[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学离子束生物工程与生物多样性研究中心,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2017年第7期1-3,72,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项(14JK1352);陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(2012K08-05)

摘　　要：[目的]选育能够高效降解石油烃的不动杆菌。[方法]采用低能N^+对不动杆菌菌株a8进行诱变,测量离子注入前后不动杆菌对石油烃的降解率,并研究其降解能力和降解机理。[结果]当N^+的注入能量和注入剂量分别为15 ke V和8.0×1015ions/cm^2时,不动杆菌的降解率可提高至95.03%;利用该注入参数对出发菌种a8进行3次连续诱变后,获得1株能有效降解59种烷烃的突变菌株AQ-15;结合分子生物学技术,对AQ-15降解长链石油烷烃的酶Alm A基因进行分析,发现酶结合位点之一的47th氨基酸由原来的天冬氨酸(Asp,D)变为甘氨酸(Gly,G),从而提高了酶的活性,达到了高效降解长链石油烷烃的效果,揭示了离子注入后不动杆菌降解率提高的机理。[结论]选育出1株能够高效降解石油烃的不动杆菌菌株AQ-15。[ Objective ] The aim was to screen out Acinetobacter strains which could effectively degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. [ Method ] We mutated Acinetobacter strain a8 by low energy N ^＋, measured degradation rate of Acirvetobacter strain a8 to petroleum hydrocarbons before and after ion implantation, and studied its degradation ability and degradation mechanism. [ Result] When the injection energy and injection dosage were 15 keV and 8.0 × 10^15 ions/cm^2 respectively, the degradation rate of Acinetobacter reached 95.03% ; through three continuous mutation of start strain a8 under above injection parameters, a mutant strain AQ-15 which could effectively degrade 59 kinds of alkanes were obtained. The AlmA gene of AQ-15 to degrade long chain paraffin oil was analyzed by combining molecular biology techniques, and it was found that 47th amino acids changed from aspartic acid （Asp,D）into glycine （Gly, G）, and enzyme activity was improved to get target of effectively degrading long chain paraffin oil, which revealed the improvement mechanism of degradation rate of Acinetobacter after ion implantation. [Conclusion] A Acinetobacter strain AQ-15 which could effectively degrade petroleum hydrocarbons was screened out.

关 键 词：离子注入 不动杆菌 降解率 降解机理 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]