我国顶尖研究型大学工科博士职业选择多元化及其应对策略——以清华大学为例  

The Diversity of Professional Choice of Engineering Doctorates in Chinese Top Research Universities and Its Countermeasures——Taking Tsinghua University as an example

作　　者：胡德鑫[1] 金蕾莅[2] 林成涛[2] 王轶玮 

机构地区：[1]清华大学教育研究院,博士研究生北京100084 [2]清华大学就业指导中心,副主任副研究员北京100084

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2017年第4期72-77,共6页China Higher Education Research

摘　　要：基于2005年至2015年的相关数据,探究我国顶尖研究型大学工科博士毕业生初次职业选择趋势。结果显示,与其他学科相比,工科博士毕业生选择学术职业的比例占50%以上,另有近一半的毕业生选择到企业和党政机关等非学术职业单位就业,呈现出多元化发展趋势。此外,在学术职业和非学术职业内部,其职业选择也呈现出分化的趋势。建议设置多元化的工科博士培养目标与质量评价标准,建立更符合工科特点的博士生培养模式,促进博士生教育与职业发展的有效衔接,以鼓励博士生为职业多元化做好准备。Based on the data from 2005 to 2015, this research explores the trend of the first career choice of engineering doctorates in Chinese top research universities. The results show that, compared with other disciplines, engineering doctorates choose academic occupations accounted for more than 50%, and the others choose to enterprises, government agencies and other non-academic occupation employment, showing a diversified development trend. In addition, in the academic and non-academic career, their career choices also show a trend of differentiation. Based on this situation, the study further explored, setting up diversified training objectives and quality evaluation standard for engineering doctorates, building more in line with the engineering characteristics＇ cultivating model, and promoting the effective convergence of doctoral education and career development, in order to encourage doctoral students to prepare for the occupation diversification.

关 键 词：工科博士 职业选择 多元化 学术职业 非学术职业 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]