教师专业发展制度研究:学校教研组——基于三种理论视角的探讨  

School-based Teaching and Research Group as Teacher Professional Development System: in the Perspectives of Professionalism,Organizational Theory and Micropolitics

作　　者：赵萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]教育部普通高校人文社会科学重点研究基地北京师范大学教师教育研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《教师发展研究》2017年第1期37-43,共7页Teacher Development Research

基　　金：北京市哲学社会科学规划项目(青年项目)"北京市小学新教师专业发展的校本支持研究"(13JYC023)

摘　　要：教研组是独具中国特色的教师专业发展制度,随着《基础教育课程改革纲要(试行)》(2001)将教研部门确定为课程改革的支撑力量,教研组的职能转变和在课程改革中发挥的作用愈发引起关注。尽管有关教研组的研究不断丰富,但内容局限于从内部探讨教研组建设的方法、作用与形式,尚未从教研组研究的理论视角去思考有关教研组的研究取向问题。从专业主义、组织理论和微观政治学视角对学校教研组的相关研究进行梳理,得出结论:专业主义的学校教研组研究关注教研组对教师专业发展的重要作用,试图以构建教师专业学习共同体为教研组发展目标,构建分布式领导的学校教研组文化。组织理论的学校教研组研究认为,行政性与专业性共存是由学校教研组的组织特性决定的。学校教研组不应回避行政性与专业性的冲突,而应该避免以精细化管理和绩效问责的行政性逻辑去引领教师专业发展活动。微观政治学视角的学校教研组研究成果对于理解学校教研组在学校组织结构之中和宏观政策背景之下的运行与互动关系有所帮助,并且有利于探讨学校教研组推动教师个体发展的路径与策略。School-based teaching and research group( STRG) is a unique teacher professional development system in China. This paper attempts to summarize the relative researches on STRG from the perspectives of professionalism,organizational theory and micropolitics,and has drawn a conclusion that the researches from the perspective of professionalism emphasizes the roles of school-based teaching and research groups in teacher professionalism and promotes teacher professional learning community as the organizational goal for school-based teaching and research groups; the researches from the perspective of organizational theory think that the conflict between administration and specialization should be understand as the requirements of the inner quality of school-based teaching and research groups. Accountability and over-controlled operation on school-based teaching and research groups should be avoided; the researches from the perspective of micropolitics have obtained very few achievements,but the core concept of micropolitics which includes power relations,interactions among individuals within groups and the research framework of this perspective will be helpful in exploring the way and strategy to promote teachers' professional development in school-based teaching and research groups.

关 键 词：教师专业发展 学校教研组 专业主义 组织理论 微观政治学 

分 类 号：G659.22[文化科学—教育学]