SRC效应的认知加工机制:来自语义调节和视觉否定的证据  

Cognitive Processing Mechanism of SRC Effect: Evidence from Semantic Adjustment and Visual Negation

作　　者：何先友[1] 罗秀针[1] 张维[2] 赵雪汝 周灵丹[1] 肖吉平 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学心理学院 [2]华南理工大学建筑学院 [3]新宁崀山培英学校

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第2期61-69,共9页Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"文字符号否定与图形符号否定的加工机制:来自多方法的汇集证据"(15JJD190005);国家自然科学基金项目"具身的美与赋予的美:来自汉字字形审美的行为与f MRI实验证据"(31671132)

摘　　要：采用刺激—反应一致性范式,探讨客体朝向SRC效应(stimulus-response compatibility,SRC)的认知加工机制,包括五个实验。实验1、2、3分别采用工具手柄朝向判断和语义分类任务,结果发现,SRC效应只在右反应手与手柄朝向右的条件下出现,且随着语义负荷的增加,SRC效应消失甚至出现反转。实验4和实验5采用附有禁止圆环的工具图片为实验材料,结果发现,无论禁止圆环被置于图片的前方还是底部,SRC效应均消失。这表明,视觉通达动作能引发SRC效应且表现出利手优势,语义的激活产生干扰作用;禁止圆环能阻碍工具图片的动作功能,阻碍作用的本质是对动作功能的否定而非视觉上的具身阻碍。In the current study,5 experiments were conducted to discuss the mechanism of object orientation-based SRC effect in affirmative and negative context by using semantic and non-semantic judging tasks.Results of Experiment 1 suggested there was an evident object orientation-based SRC effect when the rightward tool handle orientation corresponded to right reaction hand;but this effect was not significant in the condition of leftward tool handle orientation corresponding to left reaction hand.Results of Experiment 2 revealed no significant interaction between reaction hands and handle orientation.In Experiment 3,there was also no significant interaction between reaction hands and handle orientation in the condition of rightward tool handle orientation corresponding to right reaction hand,but there was a reversed data pattern for leftward tool handle orientation corresponded to left reaction hand.Both Experiment 4 and Experiment 5 had a similar data pattern,which revealed a disappeared object orientation-based SRC effect no matter the red ring forbidden signs were set above or underneath the tools. In sum,according with the concepts of embodied cognition,our findings indicate that the pathway from direct visual access to action representation can elicit an obvious object orientation-based SRC effect and reveal a right-handed advantage.But the pathway from semantic knowledge activation to action representation interferes with the object orientation-based SRC effect.In the negative context,the disappeared object orientation-based SRC effect suggests the red ring forbidden signs have an inhibition on the affordances of handled tool pictures,and the nature of this inhibition is the negation of action affordances but not the embodied visual hindrance.

关 键 词：客体朝向SRC效应 动作表征 视觉通达 语义激活 视觉否定 

分 类 号：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学]