化感水稻6173内生真菌发酵产物对水稻和稗草苗期生长及生理生化特性的影响  

Effects of Endophytic Fungi Fermentation Production Within Allelopathic Rice Strain 6173 on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Rice and Barnyard Grass in Seedling Stage

作　　者：陈颐辉 滕斌[3] 罗志祥[3] 杜士云[3] 李阳生[4] 张琛[1] 张瑛[3,4] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学生命科学学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]信阳农林学院生物与制药工程学院,河南信阳464000 [3]安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所/安徽省水稻遗传育种重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [4]武汉大学生命科学学院/杂交水稻国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《核农学报》2017年第5期946-953,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：杂交水稻国家重点实验室(武汉大学)开放课题基金(KF201502);安徽省农科院学科建设项目(16A0102、17A0105);安徽省农科院种子工程项目(16D0101)

摘　　要：为了考察化感水稻品系6173内生真菌的生物学功能,采用6173分离出的12株内生真菌对非化感水稻93067和稗草进行种子萌发和生长试验,以常规萌发生长的水稻及稗草幼苗为对照,研究真菌发酵产物对两者萌发率、茎长、鲜重和相关酶活性变化的影响。结果表明,12株内生真菌中,7株真菌的发酵产物对水稻萌发起促进作用,11株真菌的发酵产物可促进水稻幼苗生长,其中塔宾曲霉和粘红酵母发酵液效果极显著。然而11株真菌的发酵产物对稗草萌发具有抑制作用,燕麦镰刀菌发酵液抑制效果极显著;试验组中塔宾曲霉、粘红酵母发酵产物均显著抑制了稗草的生长。初步筛选促水稻生长和抑制稗草作用明显的燕麦镰刀菌、塔宾曲霉和粘红酵母,其发酵产物都能显著降低稗草种子的脂肪酶活性。与对照相比,萌发24 h时,粘红酵母处理稗草种子可使脂肪酶活性下降82.61%;萌发96 h时,燕麦镰刀菌和粘红酵母菌处理稗草种子可使脂肪酶活性下降30.88%和36.50%。此外,塔宾曲霉和燕麦镰刀菌发酵产物能够不同程度地提高水稻幼苗的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性;燕麦镰刀菌能降低稗草幼苗的SOD、POD活性;同时塔宾曲霉能显著降低稗草幼苗POD活性。综上,化感水稻6173中分离出的内生真菌的发酵产物对普通水稻品种促生长和抑制作用并存,但对稗草主要是抑制作用,其作用可能主要通过抑制脂肪酶活性和抗氧化途径实现。本研究结果为农业生产中生物农药和微生物肥料的研发奠定了理论基础。In order to study the biological function of endophytic fungi within allelopathic rice strain 6173, with the normal germination and growth of rice and barnyard grass seeding as control, the effects of 12 different fungi fermentation on the growth and physiological characteristics of non-allelopathic rice and barnyard grass were evaluated by measuring the germination rates, stem length, fresh weight and some protective enzymes in vitro. The results showed that 7 of 12 endophytic fungi fermentation production promoted the germination of rice,while 11 kinds of endophytic fungi fermentation production played catalytic role in promoting rice seedling growth, among which A.tubingensis and R.mucilaginosa broth showed a significant effect.Intriguingly, barnyard grass germination was inhibited by 11 endophytic fungi fermentation production, among which the suppression rates of F.avenaceum was impressively splendid.In addition, A.tubingensis and R.mucilaginosa broth inhibited barnyard grass’ growth.F.avenaceum, R.mucilaginosa and A.tubingensis were selected after preliminary screening and they could significantly reduce the lipase activity of barnyard grass.After 24 h of germination, R.mucilaginosa significantly reduced its lipase activity by 82.61% compared to the control, and after 96 h of germination,the relative activity of Fusarium and R.mucilaginosa treated groups was lower than the control group by 30.88% and 36.50% respectively.Besides, Fusarium and A.tubingensis could increase activities of SOD and POD in rice seedlings on different levels, while Fusarium could also decrease the SOD and POD in barnyard grass and A.tubingensis also remarkably decreased its POD activity.These results suggested that endophytic fungi isolated from allelopathic rice 6173 can promote and suppress the growth of rice simultaneously,while it shows a distinctly inhibiting effect on barnyard grass,which may accomplish through inhibiting the lipase and antioxidant enzymes activity. This paper could establish the theortical foundation for et

关 键 词：内生真菌 化感水稻 稗草 脂肪酶 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]