《道德经》的西方生态旅行:得与失——比较文学视野  

The Gains and Losses of Ecotour of Daodejing in the West:The Comparative Literature Perspective

作　　者：胡志红[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学文学院,四川成都610068

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2017年第2期116-126,共11页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

基　　金：2013年国家社会科学基金项目"美国少数族裔生态批评理论研究"(项目编号:13BWW005)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：随着全球环境形势的恶化,发轫于西方的文学研究新范式——生态批评,已发展成为国际性的多元文化批评运动,跨文化生态重释经典也因此成其为重要的研究议题。中华文化经典《道德经》因具有强烈的自然主义取向而成了西方生态学者热评的著作,他们从多角度对其进行生态阐释,发掘其生态内涵,借以绿化西方主流文化生态,进而消解其主导性的人类中心主义思维惯性。然而,在审查他们的研究后发现,他们对《道德经》的生态理解存在严重的偏颇,主要是由于他们站在生态中心主义的立场,对《道德经》进行二元切割,偏重其生态维度,而淡化、甚至忽视其社会维度——社会公正,更未深究二者之间的复杂纠葛,从而导致对《道德经》的严重误读。为此,作为中国生态学者,我们应站在环境公正的立场,透过生态整体的视野,全面准确地把握《道德经》的内涵,以构建兼容生态公正与社会公正的可行性、可持续的道家生态伦理。With the global environmental situation deteriorating,a newparadigm of literary criticism originated in the West,i.e.ecocriticism,has developed into an international and multicultural movement.Thus cross-cultural ecological reinterpretation of classics becomes a key item on its agenda.Daodejing with its nature-oriented inclination as a Chinese cultural classic,certainly becomes the work of much concern from western ecocritics.They interpret it from different perspectives so as to dig out its ecological connotations whereby they could'green'Western mainstream culture and eliminate its dominant anthropocentric stubbornness.However,after carefully examining their ecological research on it,we could find that their analysis of Daodejing is biased,because their dualistic approach to Daodejing interpreted from the ecocentric perspective,attaching much importance to its ecological dimension,pays less attention to,or even ignores its social dimension—environmental justice.Their superficial analysis of the complicated interaction of both dimensions has resulted in that Daodejing is severely misread.Therefore,as Chinese ecocritics,we,with environmental justice in mind,should take a holistic approach to interpretation of the ecological implications of Daodejing so as to construct a practical and sustainable Daoist ecological ethic which integrates social justice with ecological justice.

关 键 词：《道德经》 生态旅行 生态中心主义 环境公正 比较文学 

分 类 号：I06[文学—文学理论]