车下设备偏心对高速动车组运行平稳性的影响机理研究  

On the Influence Mechanism of the under Chassis Equipment Eccentric on the Vehicle Ride Quality of High-speed EMU Train

作　　者：夏张辉 宫岛[1] 周劲松[1] 孙文静[1] 孙煜[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院,上海201804

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2017年第6期131-137,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2015BAG19B02)

摘　　要：建立包含车体弹性及车下设备的高速动车组精细化刚柔耦合动力学模型,研究车下设备固有频率优化取值,并研究车下设备偏心对整车振动性能的影响及其机理。结果表明,车下设备偏心会使车下设备六个方向自由度的振动发生耦合现象,导致各阶刚体振型及振型频率产生较大变化,致使车下设备固有频率偏离了原始设计最优值,减振效果降低、车辆运行平稳性变差。基于遗传算法,以解耦度为优化目标,以车下设备固有频率为约束条件,提出基于解耦度优化的车下设备悬挂系统各橡胶元件三向刚度协同设计方法。计算分析表明,车下设备各阶刚体振型可获得良好的解耦度,且悬挂系统减振效果显著,车辆运行平稳性得到有效改善。A rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of a high-speed EMU train which includes an elastic car body and a under chassis equipment is established, the optimal value of the natural frequency of the equipment is studied, and the effect and its mechanism of the eccentric of the equipment on the vehicle vibration performance are researched. Results show that the eccentric of the equipment may lead to a coupling vibration phenomenon of the six degrees of freedom, and each vibration mode shape and the relevant frequency change greatly and deviates from the original optimal value, resulting in a decrease in the effect of vibration reduction and the ride quality of the vehicle. Based on genetic algorithm, taking the decoupling degree as the optimization goal, the under chassis equipment natural frequencies as the constraints, the collaborative method for designing the three dimensional stiffness of the rubber components of the equipment suspension is proposed. Calculation results show that each rigid mode of the under chassis equipment can obtain a good decoupling degree, and the effect of the suspension on the vibration reduction is obvious and the vehicle ride quality can be improved effectively.

关 键 词：高速动车组 橡胶元件 设备偏心 解耦度 能量分布矩阵 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]