桃果实褐腐病拮抗菌的筛选、鉴定及其拮抗活性  

Isolation and identification of antagonistic bacteria against peach brown rot and its antibacterial activity

作　　者：殷晓慧[1] 王庆国[1] 张畅[1] 石晶盈[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2017年第9期128-132,138,共6页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目(2014GNC113009);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD16B03)

摘　　要：以桃褐腐菌(Monilinia fructicola)为靶菌,采用稀释分离法和平板对峙法从桃园土壤中筛选出对病原菌有较强拮抗作用的菌株12a和14b。通过离体和活体实验对拮抗菌抑菌活性进行研究,经菌株形态、生理生化特性及16S rRNA基因序列分析进行菌株鉴定。结果表明:菌株12a和14b分别鉴定为死谷芽孢杆菌(Bacillus vallismortis)和高地芽孢杆菌(Bacillus altitudinis),其无菌发酵滤液和挥发性代谢产物对桃褐腐菌的生长有显著的抑制作用,其中12a挥发性代谢产物对其菌丝生长的抑菌效果更为显著(p<0.05)。两株拮抗菌的菌液浸泡和熏蒸桃果实,延缓了桃褐腐病发病时间,有效地控制了病斑的扩展。Two antagonistic bacteria 12a and 14b were obtained from the peach rhizosphere soil against Monilinia fructicola using serial dilution method and dual-culture inhibition on agar plate.12a and 14b were identified as Bacillus vallismortis and Bacillus altitudinis respectively by phenotypic, physiological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. In vitro evaluation of antagonistic activity, the sterile fermentation filtrate and volatile metabolites of strain 12a and 14b both showed a strong inhibition on the mycelia growth of M. fructicola.Especially ,the inhibitory effect of the volatile metabolites of strain 12a was more significant （p 〈 0.05 ）.For further study, in vivo tests indicated that fermentation broth and volatile metabolites of strain 12a and 14b also delayed the onset of brown rot significantly（p 〈 0.05）inhibited the development of lesion diameter of peach brown rot.

关 键 词：桃褐腐菌 拮抗菌 挥发性代谢产物 无菌发酵滤液 鉴定 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]