2011-2015年南京市售蔬菜中农药残留污染状况和膳食暴露分析  

Current situation and dietary exposure assessment of pesticide residues in vegetables in Nanjing,2011-2015

作　　者：王艳莉[1] 谢国祥[1] 郭宝福[1] 祝白春[1] 赵士权[1] 李登坤 姜云[1] 金迪[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京市疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210003

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第9期1583-1588,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：南京市科技发展计划项目(201001080)

摘　　要：目的分析2011-2015年南京市市售蔬菜中农药残留状况并开展膳食暴露分析,为保障蔬菜安全、加强监管提供科学依据。方法根据《国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》并结合南京市实际情况,采集具有代表性的蔬菜样品共500份,按照标准操作程序检测24种农药残留,分析市售蔬菜农药残留现状,结合居民蔬菜消费情况对人体膳食摄入农药的风险进行分析评估。结果不同种类蔬菜农药残留检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),茎类和芸薹类蔬菜农药超标率较高,茎类蔬菜有机磷农药超标率达9.7%。蔬菜中拟除虫菊酯类农药检出率较高,其中联苯菊酯检出率高达28.6%。若以蔬菜中每种农药残留的平均值来估算,则乐果、氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯和磷胺的日摄入量相对较高,但上述农药%ARf D和IFSc均小于1。结论南京市售蔬菜中各类农药残留引起的膳食摄入风险均在可接受范围内,需重点加强对高毒农药的监督管理,使蔬菜中农药残留引起的风险降到最低。Objective To study the current situation of pesticide residues in vegetables and the level of risk for Nanjing residents, so as to supply scientific evidence for food safety surveillance. Methods Combining the actual situation of Nanjing in 2011 -2015,500 vegetable samples were collected randomly for the detection of 24 kinds of pesticide residues, following The National Food Safety Surveillance Manual. The current situation of pesticide residues in vegetables was analyzed, and dietary exposure to pesticide intake risk of Nanjing residents was assessed by combination with vegetable consumption of residents. Results There was statistical significance in the detection rate among different kinds of vegetables （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. The vegetables with excessive pesticide residues were stem and brassica vegetables, and the excessive rate of organic phosphorus pesticide in stem vegetables was 9.7%. The detection rate of pyrethroid pesticides was high, and the detection rate of bifenthrin pesticide was 28.6%. Results of dietary exposure risk assessment showed that daily intake of dimethoate, cypermethrin, permethrin and phosphamidon were relatively high, estimated by the average value of each pesticide residues. But the % ARfD and IFSc pesticides were less than 1. Conclusion Security risks of pesticides in vegetable in Nanjing are within acceptable range. Highly toxic pesticides supervision should be strengthened, and we should further reduce the risk of pesticide residues in vegetables.

关 键 词：食品安全 农药残留 膳食暴露 

分 类 号：R15[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]