环境敏感区桥上有砟轨道铺设道砟垫的减振效果  

Vibration reduction effect of laying ballast mats under ballast tracks on bridge in environmental sensitive areas

作　　者：谭诗宇 蔡小培[1] 崔日新 井国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2017年第10期38-44,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51578053;61134003);北京市自然科学基金委员会-北京市科学技术研究院联合资助项目(L150003);北京市科技新星计划(XX2013012)

摘　　要：为了给环境敏感区桥梁地段有砟轨道的减振设计提供理论依据,采用有限元方法建立了车辆—有砟轨道—桥梁空间耦合动力学模型。基于所建立的动力学模型,计算分析了铺设道砟垫对轨道结构和桥梁动力响应时频特性的影响,并对道砟垫的合理刚度进行探讨。计算结果表明:桥上有砟轨道采用道砟垫的减振效果明显,桥梁结构的动力响应显著减小,其中桥墩振动减小3~9 d B;铺设道砟垫不会加剧轮轨动力作用和影响行车安全,而且还有利于降低轨道结构的振动,其中以道床的振动减小最为显著;从保证减振效果、控制道床加速度以及道砟垫压缩量等角度综合考虑,建议道砟垫的合理面刚度取值为100~150 MPa/m。In order to provide a theoretical basis for the vibration reduction design of ballast track on bridge in environment sensitive areas,a spatial coupling dynamical model for a vehicle-ballast track-bridge system was established by using the finite element method.Based on the model,the time-frequency characteristics of dynamic responses of tracks and bridge with and without laying ballast mats were analyzed.In addition,the proper rigidity of the ballast mat was investigated.The results show that the ballast mat can provide obvious vibration absorption effect to decrease the dynamic responses of bridge evidently,where the vibration level of piers can be decreased by 3-9 d B.The adoption of ballast mat does not aggravate the wheel-rail dynamic interaction or affect the running safety of trains.Furthermore,the vibration of track structures also can be decreased,especially that of the ballast bed.The proper rigidity value of ballast mats was suggested to be from 100 to 150 MPa/m with the comprehensive consideration of the vibration absorption effect,ballast bed acceleration and compression of ballast mat.

关 键 词：环境敏感区 桥梁 道砟垫 动力响应 减振 

分 类 号：U213[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]