英国现代学徒制的变革动因与最新举措  

Analysis on the Driving Factors and Latest Policies of Modern Apprenticeship Reform in the UK

作　　者：孙凤敏 沈亚强[3] Sun Fengmin Shen Yaqiang(Sun Fengmin, post-graduate student of vocational and technical education in Zhejiang Normal University （Jinhua 321004 Shen Yaqiang, associate professor of Vocational and Technical Education Research Center in Zhejiang Normal Universit)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学工学院 [2]浙江师范大学职业技术教育学院,金华321004 [3]浙江师范大学职业教育研究中心

出　　处：《职业技术教育》2017年第4期69-74,共6页Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：2011年全国教育科学规划职业教育研究专项课题“社会结构变迁对农村青少年职业教育选择心态的影响机制研究”(GJA114004),主持人:沈亚强

摘　　要：1993年,英国开始推行现代学徒制,实现了从传统到现代的历史性转变。之后,英国不断对其进行调整改革,在法律法规、管理体系、学徒数量、资格融通等方面取得了显著成效,使现代学徒制得到了跨越式发展。但是英国现代学徒制在学徒质量、企业积极性、利益分配等方面也面临着新的挑战,针对这些问题,英国采取了新的举措:转变关注焦点,强力提高学徒培养质量;强化雇主主导,提高企业参与现代学徒制积极性;完善经费机制,保证学徒和雇主的利益分配平衡。In 1993, modern apprenticeship was carried out in the UK, which achieved the historical transformation from tradition to modernity. After that, the UK government constantly made adjustment and reform for the modern apprenticeship, which had made lots of remarkable achievements in several aspects：laws and regulations, management system, apprentice number, certificates integration, to the significant leap in the modern apprenticeship of the UK. However, the UK also faced new challenges in several aspects： quality of the apprentice, enthusiasm of enterprises and profit distribution. Afterwards, the UK government adopted new measures for solving these problems, which include： transform focus points, and make efforts to enhance the training quality; strengthen the employers-led, and increase the positivity of enterprises to participate in modern apprenticeship; optimize funds mechanism and assure the benefits balance of apprentice and enployers.

关 键 词：现代学徒制 变革动因 举措 英国 

分 类 号：G719.561[文化科学—职业技术教育学]