孩子刚获得视觉刺激时的触觉和视觉信息的快速整合  

Rapid Integration of Tactile and Visual Information by a Newly Sighted Child

作　　者：Jie Chen En-De Wu Xin Chen Lu-He Zhu Xiaoman Li Frank Thorn Yuri Ostrovsky 瞿佳[2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]温州医科大学眼视光学院,附属眼视光医院 [3]教育部高等学校临床医学教学指导委员会 [4]浙江省医学会

出　　处：《科学新闻》2017年第4期116-116,共1页Science News

基　　金：国家973计划;国家自然科学基金;温州医科大学附属眼视光医院创新计划的支持

摘　　要：人类第一次学习如何和环境互动和理解是一个古老的哲学问题。科学家长期以来一直在寻求了解自身空间定位的原因以及触觉和视觉信息的知觉整合。要研究早期婴幼儿视觉运动和视觉触觉联系的开始很困难，因为婴幼儿肌肉力量和控制力不足。How we learn to interact with and understand our environment for the first time is an age-old philosophical question. Scientists have long sought to understand what is the origin of egocentric spatial localization and the perceptual integration of touch and visual information. It is difficult to study the beginnings of intermodal visual-motor and visual tactile linkages in early infancy since infants' muscular strength and control cannot accurately guide visual-motor behavior and they do not concentrate well [1-6]. Alternatively, one can examine young children who have a restored congenital sensory modality loss. They are the best infant substitute if they are old enough for good muscle control and young enough to be within the classic critical period for neuroplasticity [7, 8]. Recovery studies after removal of dense congenital cataracts are examples of this, but most are performed on older subjects [9-14]. We report here the results of video-recorded experiments on a congenitally blind child, beginning immediately after surgical restoration of vision. Her remarkably rapid development of accurate reaching and grasping showed that egocentric spatial localization requires neural circuitry needing less than a half hour of spatially informative experience to be calibrated. 32 hr after first sight, she visually recognized an object that she had simultaneously looked at and held, even though she could not use single senses alone (vision to vision; touch to touch) to perform this recognition until the following day. Then she also performed intersensory transfer of tactile object experience to visual object recognition, demonstrating that the two senses are prearranged to immediately become calibrated to one another.

关 键 词：视觉信息 触觉 视觉刺激 整合 孩子 哲学问题 空间定位 视觉运动 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学]