应用CNCPS方法和体外产气法研究豆腐渣饲料的营养价值  

Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Soybean Curb Residues by Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System and Gas Production Technique

作　　者：李岩[1] 孟庆翔[1] 陈万宝[1] 刘畅[1] 周振明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2017年第5期1355-1362,共8页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31372335);国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-38);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503134)

摘　　要：为揭示豆腐渣对反刍动物的饲用价值,本试验采用康奈尔净碳水化合物—蛋白质体系(CNCPS)和体外产气法对豆腐渣营养价值进行评定。测定豆腐渣的CNCPS营养成分与体外发酵参数,应用CNCPS公式计算碳水化合物(CHO)和粗蛋白质(CP)中各组分含量。结果显示,豆腐渣的CP含量为14%~25%,粗脂肪(EE)含量为1.9%~2.9%,代谢能(ME)为10~12 MJ/kg DM;易在瘤胃中降解的蛋白质(PA+PB1)和在瘤胃中缓慢降解的粗蛋白质(PB2+PB3)的含量相当,不可降解真蛋白质(PC)含量较少;潜在可利用碳水化合物(CA+CB1+CB2)较高;体外发酵产气量均达到70mL,氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度在8~23mg/dL,总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)在46~70mmol/L。而不同来源的豆腐渣营养成分和发酵情况存在显著差异,且CNCPS碳水化合物、蛋白质组分的优劣不同。凌源豆腐渣的最大产气量(B)最高,极显著高于其他3种苹果渣(P<0.01),而各豆腐渣的产气速度(C)无显著差异(P>0.05)。辽源豆腐渣氨态氮(NH3-N)含量最高,极显著高于其他饲料(P<0.01)。不同地方豆腐渣瘤胃液挥发性脂肪酸比例差异极显著(P<0.01)。不同来源的豆腐渣的总可消化养分(TDN)及其他能值差异较大,以新民豆腐渣的能值最低,极显著低于其他苹果渣(P<0.01)。综上可知,作为反刍动物非粮饲料,豆腐渣为反刍动物提供的可利用能值高,利于瘤胃微生物蛋白质合成。The experiment was performed to evaluate the feed value of soybean curb residues by Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system （CNCPS） and in vitro gas production technique. Common nutrient and fermentation parameter of soybean curb residues were determined, and the carbohydrate （CHO） and crude protein （CP） components were calculated respectively according to the CNCPS method. The results showed that CP content of soybean curb residues was 14% to 25%, EE content was 1.9% to 2.9%, and metabolic energy was 10 to 12 MJ/kg DM. Rapidly degraded protein （PA＋PB,） and slowly degraded protein （PB2 ＋PB3 ） nearly were the same lev- el,and bound protein （PC） was less. Potential available CHO （CA＋CB1 ＋CB2） was high. The gas production reached 70 mL, NH3-N content was 8 to 23 mg/dL,TVFA content was 46 to 70 mmol/L. There were significant differences in nutrient components and fermentation situation between soybean curb residues. dues was the highest which, was The highest gas extremely signifi production（B） of Lingyuan soybean curb resi- cantly higher than others （P〈0.01）, and there was no significant difference between the gas generation rate （C） among 4 kinds of samples （P〈 0.05）. Liaoyuan soybean curb residues had the highest NHa-N content,which was extremely sig- nificantly higher than the others （P〈0.01）, and there were extremely significant difference in VFA among 4 kinds of soybean curb residues （P〈0.01）. TDN and other energy value had obvi- ously difference between soybean curb residues from different places, and Xinmin soybean curb residues had the lowest energy value that was extremely significantly lower than others （P〈 0.01）. The results indicated that as a ruminant non-grain feed, soybean curb residues had high available energy and beneficial for protein synthesis of rumen microorganisms.

关 键 词：豆腐渣 CNCPS 营养价值 能量价值 体外发酵 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]