牛磺酸对草鱼幼鱼生长、非特异性免疫与抗氧化能力以及消化酶活性的影响  

Effects of Dietary Taurine on the Growth,Innate Immune Response and Antioxidant Capacity and Digestive Enzyme Activity of Juvenile Grass Carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

作　　者：徐璐茜 明建华[1] 张易祥[1] 叶金云[1] XU Lu-xi MING Jian-hua ZHANG Yi-xiang et al(State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China)

机构地区：[1]水生动物繁育与营养国家地方联合工程实验室,浙江省水生生物资源养护与开发技术研究重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院水生动物繁育与营养重点实验室,湖州师范学院生命科学学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《浙江海洋学院学报（自然科学版）》2016年第6期464-471,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-46-21);国家自然科学基金(31372544);农业部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室开放课题(KF201506);湖州市公益性技术应用重点项目(2015GZ07)

摘　　要：试验选择525尾体质健壮,规格6.87±0.12 g的草鱼幼鱼,随机分成5组,分别为对照组(基础日粮)、4个实验组(基础日添加牛磺酸至0.5‰、1.0‰、1.5‰和2.0‰),每组设3个重复,正式饲养60 d。饲养结束后测定鱼体生长指标、全鱼成分、血清和肝脏以及肠道的生化指标。结果表明,与对照组相比,适量的牛磺酸可显著提高草鱼的增重率和特定生长率、存活率、血清中补体C3、C4和溶菌酶含量,以及肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性、总抗氧化能力、还原型谷胱甘肽,肠道中胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性;降低饵料系数、肝脏中谷胱甘肽还原酶活性、丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。此外,碱性磷酸酶水平在牛磺酸的添加量为1.0 g/kg时与对照组相比显著提高(P<0.05),而牛黄酸对草鱼肝体比、内脏比、肥满度,以及全鱼的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分含量,血清中总蛋白含量的无显著影响(P>0.05)。因此适量的牛磺酸不但可增强草鱼幼鱼肠道消化酶活性,促进草鱼幼鱼的生长,而且能提高鱼体的抗氧化能力和非特异性免疫力。以增重率为指标,草鱼幼鱼饲料中牛磺酸最适添加量为1.24 g/kg。Five hundred twenty five healthy juvenile grass carps with initial body weight of 6.87_＋0.12 g were randomly selected and divided into five groups, one control （basal diet） and four treatments groups （basaldiet with 0.5%e,l.O%e,l.5%e and 2.0%0 taurine supplements）, with in three replicates. After feeding for 60 days, we investigated the individual growth performance, whole fish components and biochemical parameters of digestive enzyme activities derived from fish serum, liver and intestine. Compared with the control group, the diet supplemented with an appropriate amount of taurine significantly increased the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, survival rate, as well as the complement-3/4 and lysozyme（LSZ） level in serum.Administrating with suitable taurine also increased the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT）, and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in liver, along with the enhanced total antioxidant capacity（T-AOC） and glutathione peroxidase（GSH- Px） level. Meanwhile, the activities of trypsin, amylase and lipase were significantly increased in intestinal tracts, but the feed coefficient, activity of glutathione reductase （GR） and the malondialdehyde （MDA） contents were significantly decreased in liver （P〈0.05）. In addition, when administrated with 1.0 g/kg taurine to the basal diet, the activities of serum alkaline phosphatase（ALP） was significantly increased in treatment groups（P〈0.05）. However, the taurine had no influence on the grass carps in terms of the hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, condition factor, whole fish moisture, crude protein, ether extract, ash content and the total protein （TP） content in blood serum. Collectively, our results suggested that the suitable amount of taurine （1.24 g/kg） could not only facilitate the growth of juvenile grass carps, and increased the intestinal digestive enzyme activity, but also improved d the oxidation resistance and the innate immune response.

关 键 词：草鱼 牛磺酸 生长 免疫 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]