精神分裂症患者元认知功能及其与听觉记忆的相关性  

The relationship between the metacognitive ability and auditory memory function in schizophrenia patients

作　　者：朱道民 吴伟民[2] 汪凯[2] 李慧 储召学 张玉 岳思君[2] 高艳平[2] 董毅 

机构地区：[1]安徽省精神卫生中心睡眠科,安徽合肥230032 [2]安徽医科大学医学心理系,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年第5期519-522,527,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：安徽省公益性技术应用研究联动计划(1604f0804039)

摘　　要：目的探讨精神分裂症患者元认知能力与听觉记忆功能间的关系。方法采用修订版元认知评估量表(metacognition assessment scale abbreviated,MAS-A)和听觉词语记忆测试(audio verbal memory test,AVMT)对60例稳定期精神分裂症患者和42例神经症患者进行评估,精神分裂症患者同时作阳性阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)评估。结果精神分裂症患者MAS-A总分为(8.77±3.37)分及其自我反省为(3.42±1.13)分、理解他人为(2.43±1.07)分、去中心化为(0.43±0.54)分和控制为(2.50±1.14)分,神经症患者MAS-A总分及分量表分分别为(12.58±3.64)分、(4.74±1.29)分、(3.29±1.03)分、(1.04±0.74)分、(3.52±1.24)分,差异具有统计学意义(均有P<0.001)。相关分析显示,精神分裂症患者元认知总分与即刻记忆2(r=0.340)、即刻记忆3(r=0.270)和延迟记忆(r=0.345)评分间呈正相关(均有P<0.05),控制PANSS评分和病程后,元认知总分与AVMT评分间的相关性消失,但具有统计学意义的趋势。结论分裂症患者存在广泛的元认知能力受损,患者元认知能力与听觉言语记忆功能间的关联可能受精神症状严重程度和病程的影响。Objective To estimate the association between the metacognitive ability and auditory memory function in patients with schizophrenia.Methods The meta-cognitive ability and auditory memory function of 60 patients with stablized schizophrenia and 42 patients with neurosis were evaluated using the revised metacognitive assessment scale abbreviated（MAS-A） and the auditory verbal memory test（AVMT）,respectively.Meanwhile,the symptoms of patients with schizophrenia were assessed by the positive and negative syndrome scale （PANSS）.Results Compared with the patients with neurosis,patients with schizophrenia had significantly lower scores on the MAS-A total score（12.58 ± 3.64 vs 8.77 ± 3.37）,the subscores of self-reflectivity （4.74 ± 1.29 vs 3.42 ± 1.13）,understanding of others （3.29 ± 1.03 vs,2.43 ± 1.07）,decentration （1.04 ±0.74 vs 0.43 ±0.54）,and mastery （3.52 ± 1.24 vs 2.50 ± 1.14） （all P 〈0.001）.Correlation analysis showed that there were significantly positive association of the MAS-A total score with the scores of immediate memory2 （r =0.340）,immediate memory3 （r =0.270） and delayed memory（r =0.345） （all P 〈 0.05） of the AVMT in patients with schizophrenia.However,after adjusting for the PANSS total score and illness duration,the significant relationship between MAS-A total score and AVMT scores reduced to marginally significant.Conclusions Patients with schizophrenia have general deficits in metacognition.The relationship between the metacognitive ability and auditory memory function may be affected by symptom severity and illness duration.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 记忆 元认知 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]