重庆市青少年外向性行为问题的双生子研究  

A twin study on externalizing problem behavior in adolescents in Chongqing City

作　　者：朱文芬[1] 孔令娜[1] 傅一笑[2] 胡小梅[3] 李涛[4] 王英诚[4] 邓伟[4] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院护理学院,重庆400016 [2]重庆医科大学附属第一医院心理卫生中心 [3]遵义医学院附属医院新生儿科 [4]四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心

出　　处：《卫生研究》2017年第3期423-428,共6页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.81101025);重庆市医学科研计划项目(No.20142023;No.2016SXM010)

摘　　要：目的采用双生子研究法,探讨遗传和环境因素对青少年外向性行为问题的影响。方法采用Achenbach青少年自评量表(YSR)评定重庆市12~18岁66对双生子的外向性行为问题,采用一般情况问卷(包括年龄、性别等人口学特征情况)、父母的养育方式和维度问卷(PSDQ)、家庭压力问卷(FSQ)、家庭亲密度与适应性量表(FACES)、应激生活事件(SLE)问卷调查双生子环境因素;采集双生子静脉血标本,提取DNA进行卵型鉴定。通过OPEN-MX软件构建单因素结构方程模型,定量分析加性遗传因素、共享环境因素、个体特异性环境因素与双生子外向性行为的关系。结果在外向性行为总变异方差中加性遗传效应占0.57(95%CI 0.37~0.72)、个体特异性环境因素占0.43(95%CI 0.28~0.63);双生子的外向性行为问题与家庭亲密度呈负相关(r=-0.221,P<0.05),与家庭压力呈正相关(r=0.226,P<0.05),与应激生活事件呈正相关(r=0.194,P<0.05),与专制型养育方式(r=0.235,P<0.05)、宽容型养育方式(r=0.212,P<0.05)呈正相关;与父母的教育程度、职业等相关性不明显。结论青少年外向性行为受遗传和特殊环境因素的共同影响,受遗传的影响较大;家庭环境、父母的教育方式等与外向性行为有一定的相关性。Objective To explore the relations of adolescents externalizing problem behavior to genetic and environmental factors through twin study. Methods The externalizing problem behavior of 66 twin pairs from Chongqing City（ aged from 12 to 18 years） were investigated with the Youth Self-Report （YSR）. The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire （ PSDQ ） and Family Stresses Questionnaire （ FSQ）, Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale（FACES）and Stressful Life Event（SLE） were applied to assess their environment factors. The blood sample was collected to identify zygosity of twins. Structural equation modeling （SEM） was performed to evaluate the relations of adolescents externalizing problem behavior to the additive genetic factors （A） , shared environment factors （C） and individual specific environmental factors （E）. Results The effects of A and E on adolescent externalizing problem behavior were 0.57 （95% CI O. 37 - 0.72） and 0.43 （95% CI O. 28 - 0.63 ） , respectively. There were significantly negative correlation between externalizing problem behavior and family cohesion （r = -0. 221, P 〈 0.05） , the scores of adolescent externalizing problem behavior were positively correlated with the scores of family stresses （ r = 0. 226, P 〈 0.05 ） , the scores of stress life events （ r = 0. 194, P 〈 0.05 ） , the scores of Authoritarian-parenting-style （ r = 0. 235, P 〈 0.05） ,the scores of Permissive-parenting-style （ r = 0. 212, P 〈 0.05 ）. The scores of adolescents externalizing behavioral problems were not significantly correlated with the parenting education level and occupation. Conclusion Adolescents externalizing problem behavior are influenced by additive genetic factors and individual specific environmental factors. Additive genetic factors play an important role. Family environment and parental rearing-pattern also have correlation with externalizing behavioral problems.

关 键 词：青少年 外向性行为问题 双生子研究 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学] C913.5[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]