四株耐锑细菌的生物学特性及其对油菜在锑污染土壤中的促生作用  

Biological characteristics of four Sb (Ⅲ)-tolerant bacteria and their growth-promoting effects on the rape in soils contaminated by antimony

作　　者：聂孝红[1] 尹昊[1] 郭东矗 国辉[1] 周金星[2] 彭霞薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第6期1658-1666,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科学研究与研究生培养共建项目(BLCXY201621);北京市科技计划项目(Z151100002115006);北京林业大学大学生创新项目(X201610022063)资助

摘　　要：采用CDM培养基对湖南锡矿山Sb矿区周边重金属污染土壤中耐Sb、促生细菌进行分离、筛选。结合细菌形态、生理生化检测、16S rRNA基因序列分析等方法确定其分类地位,并开展Sb(Ⅲ)耐受性、Sb(Ⅲ)吸附性、Sb(Ⅲ)氧化性、促生特性的测定、不同pH和盐度适应性研究,以及利用盆栽试验研究菌株在不同浓度锑处理下对油菜生长的影响。结果表明:从Sb污染土壤中共筛选出4株具有较强耐Sb、促生细菌,初步鉴定其分别属于Pseudomonas、Ensifer、Raoultella和Stenotrophomonas属,编号分别为XKS-1、XKS-2、NXH-2和NXH-3。4株菌对Sb(Ⅲ)的最低抑制浓度均在25 mmol·L^(-1)以上,且具有一定吸附和氧化Sb(Ⅲ)的能力。4株菌均可分泌IAA和铁载体;pH和盐度对4株细菌生长的影响存在较大差异。盆栽实验结果表明,在低浓度Sb和中等浓度Sb的胁迫条件下,与未加菌的对照植株相比,4株细菌分别使油菜株高、根长、叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量分别增加4%~26%、13%~32%、23%~35%和5%~32%;在高Sb浓度下,4株细菌对油菜上述指标没有显著增加作用。研究结果说明:4株耐Sb、促生菌株对环境的适应性较强,在Sb污染矿区土壤修复中具有潜在的应用价值。Some Sb （ Ⅲ ）-tolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria were isolated from the heavy metals contaminated soil around the Xikuangshan antimony mine, Hunan Province, by the CDM medium. Based on morphological observation, physiological-biochemical test and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, these bacteria were identified. Their biological characteristics including Sb （ Ⅲ ） tolerance, absorption and oxidation, growth-promoting properties, adaptabilities to pH and salinity, and their growth-promoting effects on rape seedlings were investigated by a pot experi- ment. The results showed that four Sb （ Ⅲ ） -tolerant and growth-promotion bacteria were isolated （XKS-1, XKS-2, NXH-2, NXH-3） belonging to the genera of Pseudomonas, Ensifer, Raoultella and Stenotrophomonas. Their minimum inhibitory concentrations （MIC） of Sb （ Ⅲ ） were higher than 25 mmol · L-1, and they could adsorb and oxidize Sb（ Ⅲ ）. These four strains could produce indoleaeetic acid （IAA） and siderophore. The effects of pH and salinity on the growth of four bacteria were different. Compared with the non-inoculated control, height and root length, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents of rape seedlings treated with four bacteria were increased by 4%-26%, 13%-32%, 23%-35% and 5%-32% respectively at low and intermediate Sb concentrations. These four bacteria had no significant effect at high Sb concentration. Results from this study highlight that these four Sb （ Ⅲ ）-tolerant bacteria had strong adaptability to the environment, which could be used for bioremediation of soil oolluted by antimony.

关 键 词：锡矿山 耐Sb细菌 分离鉴定 生物学特性 促生作用 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53