苹果矮化砧木抗寒性的评价与比较  

Screening and Contrast of Different Apple Dwarfed Rootstocks Hardiness

作　　者：李翠红[1] 张永茂[1] 冯毓琴[1] 慕钰文[1] 李长亮[1] 魏丽娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第5期1183-1188,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省苹果产业科技攻关项目苹果矮化砧穗组合与优质壮苗繁育技术集成研究(gpck2013-1);甘肃省科技重大专项柱形苹果引种试验及特性研究示范(1309NKDE040-001)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同苹果矮化砧木半致死温度与耐寒性的关系及抗寒性水平,以明确不同苹果矮化中间砧抗寒力,为筛选适合出甘肃省栽植的抗寒矮化砧木提供理论依据。【方法】以8个矮化中间砧1年生成熟枝条为试材,分别在-15、-20、-25、-30、-35℃条件下进行低温胁迫处理,以4℃冰箱处理的枝条为对照,测定不同低温处理下各个砧木电导率、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、蛋白质、丙二醛、SOD、POD酶活性等生理指标的变化。【结果】各个砧木抗寒性与相对电解质渗出率存在极显著负相关,与MDA含量也存在及显著负相关;抗寒性与游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量、POD和SOD存在极显著的正相关。【结论】通过系统聚类分析,在相似系数7.0水平上矮化砧木共分为3类,第1类为GM256。第2类:SH38、SH40、SH1、SH6。第3类:T337、M9和M26。[ Objective] The different apple dwarf rootstock medial lethal temperature relations with cold resistance and its cold resistance level were studied to provide the theoretical basis for the screening of the cold hardiness dwarf rootstock in Gansu province. [ Method] Taken apple dwarf anvil （ M9, SH40, SH38, GM258, T337, M26, SH1, SH6, 1 year born mature branches based anvil ） which were introduced from the domestic and foreign as experimental materials, under the low temperature of - 15, - 20, - 25, - 30 and - 35 ℃, the cold storage branches in 4 ℃ refrigerator were used as CK, and the root stock conductivity, free proline, soluble sugar, protein, MDA, SOD and POD enzyme activity changes of physiological indexes under different low temperature processing were determined. [ Result ] The stock of hardi- ness had a very significantly negative correlation with relative electrolyte leakage rate and a significantly negative correlation with the MDA content ; The stock of hardiness with free proline content, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, POD and SOD existed a very signif- icantly positive correlation. [ Conclusion ] By the system clustering analysis, the dwarf stocks at the similarity coefficient of 7.0 level were di- vided into three categories： Category 1 includes GM256; Category 2 T337,SH38, SH40, SH1, SH6; Category3 ： M9 and M26.

关 键 词：矮化砧 抗寒性 评价 比较 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]