柏拉图《会饮》论喜剧诗人的爱欲观  

The Concept of Eros of the Comic Poet in Plato's Symposium

作　　者：林志猛[1] LIN Zhi-meng(Department of Philosophy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学哲学系,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2017年第3期21-27,共7页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(15FZX027);浙江省社科规划项目(15NDJC141YB);教育部"留学回国人员科研启动基金"项目(教外司留[2015]1098号)

摘　　要：柏拉图的《会饮》专谈爱欲,在喜剧诗人阿里斯托芬的讲辞中,欲求自己的另一半是人的自然爱欲,爱欲就是追求"整全",以恢复"原初的自然"。人作为宇宙天体的后裔,其强大的力量使之意图对抗传统诸神和礼法。阿里斯托芬让爱神从属于宇宙诸神,将爱欲理解为自然的运动,从而把自然与礼法对立起来,其敬神的背后实则渎神。在其爱欲的自然等级中,男子气(勇敢)及其带来的政治成就,乃是最高的爱欲。阿里斯托芬从政治的视角和勇敢德性来理解爱欲的本性,这是喜剧诗人的限度所在。Plato focuses on Eros in his Symposium. In the speech comedic poet Aristophanes, seeking for one＇ s other half is natural Eros, and Eros is a pursuit of the ＂whole＂ to recover ＂the original nature. ＂ Human beings as the descendants of cosmic bodies have the powerful strength to intentionally fight against traditional gods and nomos. Aristophanes makes Eros subordinate to cosmic gods, and take Eros as natural movement, by which he makes nature opposite to nomos. Behind his piety for gods is blasphemy. In the natural hierarchy of his Eros, masculinity （courage） and its political achievements are the highest Eros. That Aristophanes understands the nature of Eros from the perspective of politics and courageous virtues shows the limits of the comedic poet.

关 键 词：柏拉图 《会饮》 喜剧诗人 爱欲 自然 

分 类 号：B502[哲学宗教—外国哲学]