青岛市初中一年级学生强迫症状的发生率与危险因素  

A study of the incidence and risk factors of obsessive-compulsive symptoms among first-year junior middle school students in Qingdao

作　　者：刘彩兴[1] 宋欣欣[1] 刘振静[1] 王立涛[1] 李玉焕[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛市精神卫生中心,266034

出　　处：《临床精神医学杂志》2017年第3期168-170,共3页Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

基　　金：青岛市卫生局医药科研计划(2011-WSZD085)

摘　　要：目的:调查青岛市初中生强迫症状的发生率与危险因素。方法:采用分层随机抽样法抽取青岛市1所重点初中、2所普通初中;每所初中随机抽取初一年级8个班级共1 116名学生进行耶鲁布朗强迫量表(Y-BOCS)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、父母教养方式量表(EMBU)的调查;以YBOCS≥16分或<16分将被调查者分为有强迫症状组或无强迫症状组;分析强迫症状发生的危险因素。结果:共收回有效问卷1 089份(97.6%);其中Y-BOCS≥16分有111人;强迫症状检出率为10.2%;女生检出率(6.1%)明显高于男生(4.1%)(χ~2=12.9,P<0.05)。有强迫症状组ASLEC中生活事件、学习压力、受惩罚、丧失、健康适应及其他得分显著高于无强迫症状组(t=3.72~7.03,P均=0.000);EMBU中父亲情感温暖理解、母亲情感温暖理解得分显著低于无强迫症状组(t=-2.56^-3.21;P<0.01),在父亲惩罚、严厉、过分干涉、拒绝否认及母亲惩罚严厉因子得分显著高于无强迫症状者(t=2.69~4.98;P<0.05或P<0.01)。回归分析显示生活事件、学习压力、受惩罚、父亲拒绝否认、性别进入逐步回归方程。结论:初中生强迫症状的发生率较高;生活事件、学习压力、受惩罚、父母不良教养方式及性别是其危险因素。Objective： To investigate the incidence and risk factors of obsessive-compulsive symptoms among junior middle school students in Qingdao. Method：A stratified random sampling method was adopted to select 1 key junior middle school and 2 common junior middle schools in Qingdao. 8 classes of the first grade in each of the three junior middle schools were randomly selected, and a total of 1116 first-year students from those classes were assessed using Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale （Y-BOCS）, adolescent life events scale （ASLEC） and Egna Minnen av Barndosnauppforstran（EMBU）. The students were classified as obsessive-compulsive symptoms group or non-obsessive-compulsive symptoms group with a criterion of Y-BOCS t〉 16 or 〈 16. The risk factors of obsessive-compulsive symptoms were analyzed. Results ：1089 valid questionnaires were returned （efficient rate 97.6% ） , in which, there were 111 students whose score of Y-BOCS was equal to or higher than t6. The rate of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in all the students was 10.2% ,and was statistically significantly higher in girls （6.1%） than in boys（4.1% ） （χ^2 = 12.9,P 〈0.05）. The scores of life events, learning stress, punishment,loss and healthy adaptation in ASLEC in the obsessive-compulsive symptoms group were statistically significantly higher than those in non-obsessive-compulsive symptoms group（ t = 3.72-7.03, all P 〈0.01 ）. The scores of emotional warm and understanding both from father and mother in EMBU in the obsessive-compulsive symptoms group were statistically significantly lower than those in the non-obsessive-compulsive symptoms group（ t = - 2. 56- - 3.21, P 〈 0.01 ）. Otherwise, the scores of punishment, stern, excessive interference and rejection denial from father as well as the scores of punishment and stern from mother in the obsessive-compulsive symptoms group were statistically significantly higher than non-obsessive-compulsive symp- toms group（t = 2.69-4.98, P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. Regr

关 键 词：初中生 强迫症状 危险因素 生活事件 

分 类 号：R749.7[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]