高海拔地区驻营区及野外驻训士兵头发矿物元素含量分析  

Study of mineral content in hair between garrison and field training troops at high altitude

作　　者：刘璐[1,2] 徐刚[1] 张二龙[1] 李鹏[3] 鄂国基 高钰琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学高原军事医学系高原特需药品与卫生装备研究室,重庆400038 [2]第三军医大学卫勤训练基地卫勤教研室,重庆400038 [3]第三军医大学高原卫生学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2017年第6期559-562,共4页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划973项目(2012CB518201);国家自然科学基金(J1310001);军队重大项目(AWS14C007)~~

摘　　要：目的研究分析常驻高海拔地区士兵在驻营区及野外驻训期间其头发中矿物元素含量的变化。方法采用称量法调查海拔4600m、4030m、3800m高原驻营区士兵膳食中Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mg和Mn等元素的摄入量,并根据《军人营养素供给量》和《中国居民膳食营养参考摄入量》进行评价。采用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测上述驻营区士兵以及海拔4300m野外驻训士兵头发中Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mg、Mn和Cr的含量。结果高原驻营区部队士兵膳食Fe、Cu、Mg和Mn的摄入量充足,分别达到标准的103.7%、275.0%、81.1%和162.2%,而膳食Ca和Zn的摄入量不足,仅为军标的69.5%和77.8%。不同海拔驻营区士兵头发中Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mg、Mn和Cr的含量差异无统计学意义。驻营区士兵头发中Fe和Zn的含量为边缘缺乏,Cu、Ca、Mg、Mn和Cr 5个元素的含量为充足。野外驻训士兵头发中Fe和Zn的含量为边缘缺乏,Mg的含量为中度缺乏,Cu、Ca、Mn和Cr 4个元素的含量为充足;野外驻训士兵头发中Mg的含量明显低于驻营区士兵(P<0.001)。结论长期处于高原低氧环境下,机体对Zn和Fe的需要量增加,而膳食Zn和Fe的摄入量还不能满足机体需求。野外驻训士兵Mg缺乏,应增加蔬菜摄入,必要时服用营养补充剂。Objective To study the concentration of minerals in hair between garrison and field training troops at high altitude. Method Weighing method was used to investigate the intakes of Zn, Fe, Cu, Ca, Mg and Mn of garrison in 4600m, 4030m and 3800m high altitude. Dietary Allowances for Military Personnel and Dietary Nutrition Reference Intake for Chinese Residents were used to evaluate the intakes of 6 minerals. The plateau force was divided into field and garrison training troops, and the concentration of Zn, Fe, Cu, Ca, Mg, Mn and Cr in their hair was tested through atomic absorption spectrometry. Results There were no differences of mineral content in hair among garrisons at different altitude. The content of Ca and Zn of garrison training troop was insufficient （69.5% and 77.8% of the military standard）, but the content of Fe, Cu, Mg and Mn in hair was sufficient （103.7%, 275.0%, 81.1% and 162.2% of the military standard）. The content of Fe and Zn in hair of garrison training troop was insufficient, but the content of Cu, Ca, Mg, Mn and Cr was sufficient. The content of Fe and Zn in hair of field training troop was insufficient. The content of Mg was moderate deficiency, and it＇s content was significantly lower than Mg in hair of garrison soldiers （P〈0.001）, but the content of Cu, Ca, Mn and Cr in hair of filed training troop was sufficient. Conclusion The demand of Zn and Fe increased in high altitude, and the soldiers＇ intake of these minerals could not meet the demand of the body needs. Field troops were lacking of Mg. The intake of vegetables should increase and the nutritional supplement is necessary.

关 键 词：高原 部队 营养 矿物元素 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]