美国医学共情探究及对医学人文教育的启示  

Clinical Empathy Research and Its Revelation of Medical Humanistic Education in the United States

作　　者：鲁琳[1] 李久辉[1] LU Lin LI Jiu-hui(Department of Social Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学社会科学部,上海201203

出　　处：《医学与哲学（A）》2017年第6期41-44,共4页Medicine & Philosophy:Humanistic & Social Medicine Edition

基　　金：2016年上海学校德育实践研究课题(2016-D-077)

摘　　要：医学生共情能力的培育,有助于医生恪守职业操守,升华职业精神,意义重大。近年来,共情在增强医学人文教育、促进医患沟通、提高诊疗效果方面的作用越来越得到认可和重视。美国医学界一直致力于探索共情的本质、临床影响因素及效果。论述了20世纪中期以来美国医学对共情的探究,从认知、情感及行为几个方面深入对共情的理解,希望共情能拉近现代医患之间因为医学科技发展、文化差异等而形成的生疏感,增强医学生的共情教育,构建和谐医患关系。Medical empathy cultivation may help doctors to comply with professional ethics and to sublimate professionalism.Recent years, the roles of empathy on enhancing medical humanistic education, developing doctor-patient communication and clinical therapy have been approved and been attracted more and more attentions.The theoretical and practical researches of clinical empathy in the United Stated have been paid attentions all the time.This paper explored empathy researches with cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects since the middle of the 20th century in the United States, in order to promote the practical role and education of empathy in clinical medicine and build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

关 键 词：共情 医患关系 医学人文教育 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]