露西·伊丽格瑞与东方文化  

作　　者：康毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学外语系

出　　处：《文学理论前沿》2016年第1期39-61,共23页Frontiers of Literary Theory

基　　金：本文是作者主持的中央高校自由探索项目（GK2130260114）、黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究项目“当代女性主义伦理学视野下的福克纳小说研究”、中央高校自由探索重点项目“露西·伊丽格瑞的主体间性别差异理论研究”（HEUCF151205）和参与北京市哲学社会科学规划项目“‘中国梦’与中国精神研究”（13WYB049）的阶段性成果

摘　　要：露西·伊丽格瑞凭借其性别差异女性主义理论成为独树一帜的当代女性主义理论家，她以解构、重写西方哲学史以及建构女性谱系引起了欧美研究者的热议。她近期思想中的东方主题超越了哲学、语言学研究的领域，进入了社会学、宗教学、文学艺术等跨学科研究。更为重要的是，传统的女性主义者在西方父权话语内进行抗争，伊丽格瑞则跳出了西方逻各斯语言系统，站在东方文化的土壤上，使得对西方哲学传统的批判更加有力，从而进一步发展了她的以性别差异为特征的女性主义理论。从比较诗学的视角出发，伊丽格瑞策反“逻各斯”、颠覆阳具中心论、提倡两个差异的主体和谐共生，这些理论跨越时空与中国传统文化追求阴阳和合且和而不同，崇尚女性哲学、女性生殖器崇拜等学术思想不谋而合。从比较文化的视角出发，我们发现伊丽格瑞从印度文化和宗教中的瑜伽术、呼吸术等身心修炼术中受到启发，用印度宗教男神、女神共尊批评西方哲学主体和他者二元对立，用瑜伽对直觉体悟的重视抵抗重理性轻感官的西方哲学传统，用身体沟通精神的观点批判身心二分，认为呼吸是沟通身心的桥梁、是对精神的救赎。通过比较研究，伊丽格瑞理论与中国传统文化、与印度文化和宗教问的契合点显露出来，这不仅拓展了伊丽格瑞东方主题研究的比较诗学维度，而且也为中国传统文化和印度文化和宗教的研究增加了新的维度。Luce Irig＇amy has become a distinct feminist theorist by her theory of sexual difference, which is heatedly studied by Euro-American scholars for her deconstructing and re-writing Western philosophy and constructing female genealogy. The oriental themes in her recent thoughts have been brought into sociological, religious, literary, and artistic studies beyond the previous philosophical and linguistic study. More significantly, the traditional feminists rebel within the patriarchal system, whereas Irigaray, rooted in Eastern culture, jumps out of the logocentric system, making the criticism on Western traditional philosophy more powerful, so as to develop her feminist theory on sexual difference. From the perspective of comparative poetics, we find that Irigaray＇s theories and traditional Chinese culture coincide with each other--Irigaray rebels against ＂logos＂, deconstructs phallocentrism and approves of the coexistence of sexual difference subjects, and traditional Chinese culture lays emphasis upon Yin-yang coexistence with difference of each, speaks highly of female philosophy and worships female reproductive organs. From the perspective of comparative culture, we find that Irigaray is inspired by yoga, breathing and other bodymind trainings in Indian culture and religion, criticizing Western binary philosophy on subject and object, rebelling against Western philosophy＇s emphasis on reason without sensation by yoga＇s emphasis on instinct and sensation, criticizing body-mind binary philosophy by Indian religious thoughts in using body to communicate with mind, and considering breath as a bridge to rescue spirits. Through the author＇s comparative studies the equivalent ideas in Irigaray＇s theories, in Chinese and in Indian traditional cultures and religious beliefs have appeared, which not only develop a new comparative study of oriental themes in Irigaray＇s works, but also add contemporary significance to traditional Chinese and Indian cultures.

关 键 词：当代女性主义 性别差异 逻各斯 阴阳 瑜伽 呼吸 

分 类 号：B-04[哲学宗教]