基于压力拱理论的围岩压力计算研究  

Calculation of the Surrounding Rock Pressure Based on Pressure Arch Theory

作　　者：宋玉香[1] 张亚辉[1] 刘勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,河北石家庄050043

出　　处：《防灾减灾学报》2017年第2期45-51,共7页Journal of Disaster Prevention And Reduction

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发项目(2012G014-D);河北省高等学校科学研究项目(ZH2012037)

摘　　要：按照弹塑性理论,应用数值模拟的方法,通过对比隧道开挖前、后围岩的主应力矢量图,得到隧道开挖后,其周边围岩的主应力矢量方向发生了偏转,形成了压力拱;通过分析拱顶上方的应力状态,提出了压力拱成拱临界埋深和压力拱计算边界的概念;以铁路隧道参考图为准,分析了隧道埋深、跨度及围岩性质等因素对成拱临界埋深和计算边界的影响。经过分析,压力拱临界埋深与计算边界均随着跨度与围岩级别的增大而增大,且呈现一定的规律。通过多元非线性回归分析,得到了临界埋深和计算边界的计算公式,以此得出围岩压力的计算公式,并与《铁路隧道设计规范》所推荐的公式计算得到的围岩压力进行对比,结果表明,通过压力拱理论计算得到的围岩压力较规范要大,且随着围岩级别的增大,两者差值逐渐减小,其中Ⅴ级围岩最为接近。Based on the elastic-plastic theory and comparison of the principal stress vector diagram, numerical simulation shows that the principal stress of the surrounding rocks has undergone the deflection to form the pressure arch. By analyzing the stress state above the arch vault, the concept of the critical burial depth of the pressure arch and the boundary calculation of the pressure arch are put forward. Taken the Railway Tunnel Reference Diagram as example, the influence of factors, including tunnel burial depth, span and property of the surrounding rocks, on the clinical burial depth and boundary to be calculated of the arch are analyzed. It is found that the critical burial depth and the influence of boundary increase with the span length and surrounding conditions. The fitting software is adopted to conduct a formula to work out critical burial depth, the boundary and the surrounding rock pressure. The surrounding rock pressure is compared with which obtained through the formula recommended by the Railway Tunnel Design Standards. The results show that surrounding rock pressure calculated by proposed formula is larger than the value proposed by the results based on standard. With the increase of the surrounding rock classification, the difference between the two formulas gradually decreases. When the surrounding rock classification is V, two values almost emerged. These research findings will provide favorable references for the future tunnel design.

关 键 词：压力拱 成拱临界埋深 围岩压力 回归分析 多元非线性分析 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学] U452.21[天文地球—固体地球物理学]