紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis)与厚壳贻贝(M.coruscus)杂交的细胞学观察及子一代的早期生长比较  

CYTOLOGICAL OBSERVATION ON NUCLEAR BEHAVIOR OF HYBRIDS BETWEEN MYTILUS EDULIS AND M.CORUSCUS AND COMPARISON IN EARLY-STAGE GROWTH

作　　者：陈兴强[1,2] 李荣华[1,2] 王春琳[1,2] 胡益鸣[1] 程继生[1] 王成[1] 詹萍萍[1,2] 母昌考[1,2] 宋微微[1,2] 龚小敏 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,宁波315211 [2]浙江海洋高效健康养殖协同创新中心,宁波315211 [3]象山鹤浦镇人民政府海洋与渔业办公室,象山315733

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2017年第3期600-608,共9页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：浙江省贻贝产业服务团队科技特派员项目;2013.09-2017.12;浙江省重中之重学科开放基金项目;xkzsc1529号;宁波市科技富民项目;2015C10006号;王宽诚基金资助

摘　　要：为了研究紫贻贝与厚壳贻贝种间杂交的核相变化,并评估其杂交优势,本实验以两种贻贝亲本为材料建立了4个交配组合,分别为:紫贻贝自交组EE(Mytilus edulis♀×M.edulis♂)、厚壳贻贝自交组CC(Mytilus coruscus♀×M.coruscus♂)、正交组EC(M.edulis♀×M.coruscus♂)和反交组CE(M.coruscus♀×M.edulis♂)。通过Hoechst 33258染色、荧光显微观察的方法,对4个交配组从受精、减数分裂到卵裂的核相变化过程进行了观察,并对孵化后幼虫到稚贝期的生长情况进行了记录。结果表明:正反交组的受精细胞学过程与自交组较为相似,但第二极体排出时间延长。对各实验组子一代早期的生长和存活研究表明:浮游阶段,杂交组幼虫生长优势不明显;附着变态后,正交组EC在壳长及壳高等生长指标的杂交优势表现明显,且正交组(EC)大于反交组(CE)。自交组的受精率、孵化率、成活率均高于杂交组。To investigate nuclear behavior in meiosis and evaluate heterosis between Mytilus edulis and M. coruscus, four crosses were established： EE（Mytilus edulis♀×M. edulis♂）, CC（Mytilus coruscus♀×M. coruscus♂）, EC（M. edulis♀×M. coruscus♂） and CE（M. coruscus♀×M. edulis♂）. The cytological changes of nuclear behavior during fertilization and early cleavage of the crosses were observed continually with fluorescent microscope with Hoechst 33258 stain, and the larval growths at early stage were compared. The results indicate that the cytological process of fertilization was nearly the same for interspecific and intraspecific groups, whereas the emission of the second polar body was prolonged in interspecific hybrid groups. The growth advantage of the hybrid groups were not very evident during planktonic stage; but EC group showed significant heterosis in the characteristics of shell length and shell height after metamorphosis. In addition, EC group had a greater growth advantage over CE group. The fertilization rate, hatching rate and survival rate of all the intraspecific groups were higher than those of the interspecific groups.

关 键 词：紫贻贝 厚壳贻贝 杂交 细胞学观察 生长比较 

分 类 号：Q789[生物学—分子生物学] S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]