隧道入口侧风条件下高速铁路隧道内流场特性  

Tunnel Entrance Field Characteristics Induced by High Speed Train with Crosswind at Entrance

作　　者：骆建军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学城市地下工程教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2017年第4期746-754,共9页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家863计划资助项目(2011AA11A103);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51678036;51178030)

摘　　要：为了保证高速列车在隧道入口有侧风环境中的安全,采取数值分析的方法,建立高速列车进入隧道口存在侧风时的三维可压缩、粘性、非稳态湍流数学模型,研究了当隧道洞口有无侧风和隧道洞口侧风速度变化时隧道内的压力变化以及隧道内活塞风的变化规律.研究结果表明:隧道入口存在侧风时,隧道内测点先出现负压力峰值,后逐渐上升到正压力峰值;随着压缩波的向前传播,波形逐渐分化成两个波峰,并且压缩波越往前传播,第一个波峰逐渐消失,第二个波峰得到加强,其波峰的正压峰值超过无侧风时的最大正压峰值;隧道内速度场出现明显的非对称性,隧道内靠近迎风一侧的环状空间的列车风比背风一侧环状空间的小,背风一侧隧道入口处出现比较明显的涡流,侧风速度越大,最大负压值绝对值越大,隧道内测点的最大正压值、最大负压值均与侧风的速度成正比;当列车速度为350 km/h,侧风速度到达40 m/s时,隧道内活塞风的速度可达21.8 m/s,隧道内的压缩波的最大负压值可达-6 547 Pa.In order to ensure the safety of high speed trains under the existing geographical landscape, a numerical simulation was performed to study the aerodynamic effects of crosswinds at the tunnel entrances. The results of the model show that a crosswind at the tunnel entrance creates a negative pressure peak at the measuring point in the tunnel, and that the pressure increases to a positive peak when there is no crosswind. As the crosswind decreases, the simulated compression wave propagates forward and gradually form two peaks. As the wind speeds progressively decrease, the first compression wave peak gradually disappears and the second peak strengthens to the values above the positive pressure peak when no crosswind is present. Further evaluation of the simulated results showed the piston wind is smaller on the upwind side of the annular space than the leeward side when a crosswind is present at the tunnel entrance. It creates a significant eddy current on the leeward side of the entrance to the tunnel. When the crosswind velocity reaches 40 m/s, the piston wind can reach the velocities of 21.8 m/s. When the crosswind velocity is high, the compression wave at the measured point displays a smaller maximum value and the maximum negative pressure value increases. The maximum negative pressure value and crosswind velocity are proportional to the overall pressure, but the increases in amplitude of the maximum negative peak are greater than the maximum positive pressure increase. When the crosswind velocity reaches 40 m/s, the compression wave in the tunnel can reach a maximum negative pressure value of -6 547 Pa.

关 键 词：高速列车 隧道 压缩波 速度 侧风 

分 类 号：U451.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]