X线荧光光谱仪快速测定某地区大米中重金属镉含量的研究  

Rapid test of heavy metal cadmium content in rice of some region by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer

作　　者：江小工[1] 戴顺平[1] 杨丽霞 陈铖[1] 骆琳玲 蔡亚敏[1] 彭晓娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军163医院,长沙410003 [2]湖南省食品安全生产工程技术研究中心,长沙410013

出　　处：《医疗卫生装备》2017年第6期118-120,共3页Chinese Medical Equipment Journal

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目子课题资助项目(2012BAK17B17);湖南省科技计划项目(2014TT2027)

摘　　要：目的:快速测定大米中重金属镉(Cd)的含量,更好地保障食品安全。方法:收集某地区不同品牌或批号的大米样本,分为2组:A组为单位食堂的大米样本,共24份;B组为随机抽取当地农贸市场零售的大米样本,共22份。应用X线荧光光谱仪进行镉定量检测,并按GB 2762—2012《食品中污染物限量》标准(>0.2 mg/kg为超标)判断是否合格。结果:A组大米中镉的含量为0.00~0.477 mg/kg,最大超标2.385倍,不合格率为29.2%(7/24);B组大米样本中镉的含量为0.065~0.619 mg/kg,最大超标3.095倍,不合格率为68.2%(15/22)。某地区部分单位食堂大米与市售大米样本中都有重金属镉超标情况,但是单位大米镉超标情况明显轻于市售大米。结论:X线荧光光谱仪能快速、简便地检测大米中镉的含量,为镉含量超标地区基层单位选择使用安全的大米提供了技术保障。Objective To determinate the heavy metal cadmium content in rice to ensure food safety. Methods Several brands and batch numbers of rice were collected and divided into groups A and B. Group A contained 24 pieces of rice from the canteens, and group B involved in 22 pieces from the farm product markets. Cadmium content in rice was detected quantitatively with X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, and then evaluated according to GB 2762—2012 which determined rice was not qualified in case cadmium content was more than 0.2 mg/kg. Results Group A had cadmium content between 0.00 and 0.477 mg/kg, the times of ultra standard being 2.385 and the disqualification rate being 29.2%（7/24）, and group B had cadmium content between 0.065 and 0.619 mg/kg, the times of ultra standard being 3.095 and the disqualification rate being68.2%（15/22）. Excessive cadmium content in rice occurred in both canteens and markets, while the canteens was better than the markets. Conclusion X-ray fluorescence spectrometer detects cadmium content in rice rapidly and simply, and is worthy promoting in elementary facilities.

关 键 词：X线荧光光谱仪 大米 镉 定量检测 食品安全 

分 类 号：O657.34[理学—分析化学] TS210.7[理学—化学]