2012—2015年北京市大兴区食源性疾病监测结果  

Surveillance on foodborne disease in Daxing District of Beijing City from 2012-2015

作　　者：赵惠玲[1] 潘峰[1] 韩林[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市大兴区疾病预防控制中心食品与环境卫生科,北京102600

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第10期1332-1334,1338,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解北京市大兴区食源性疾病主要致病菌分布及其变化趋势,提高食源性疾病暴发的早期识别、预警与防控能力。方法对在大兴区3家二级医院就诊的腹泻患者进行流行病学调查,采集未使用抗生素患者的粪便标本,进行霍乱弧菌、痢疾杆菌(志贺菌)、副溶血弧菌、沙门菌和5种致泻性大肠埃希菌等细菌的分离培养和鉴定。结果食源性疾病的发生主要集中在2、3季度,各哨点医院肠道门诊就诊量峰值出现在3季度,4年间采集1 773份腹泻患者粪便标本,共检出食源性致病微生物231株,总检出率13.03%,2015年阳性率最高,为22.32%。4年中检出沙门菌114株(49.35%)、肠致病性大肠杆菌41株(17.75%)、志贺菌27株(11.68%)、副溶血弧菌12株(5.19%)、其他肠道病原菌17株(7.36%)、诺如病毒20株(8.66%)。食源性疾病患者主要集中在0~<7岁及20~<40岁2个年龄组,分别占监测人数的32.77%和34.69%;男女性别比为1.37∶1,男女之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论大兴区食源性疾病发病主要集中在2、3季度,感染患者主要集中在0~<7岁及20~<40岁年龄组,病原微生物种类繁多,以沙门菌为主,应继续加强监测工作。[ Objective ] To understand the distribution of major pathogens and their tendency to change in Daxing District of Beijing City, and improve the early identification, early warning and prevention and control of foodborne disease. [ Methods ] Epidemiology investigation was conducted on diarrhea patients from 3 level-II hospitals in Daxing District. The stool specimens withoutantibi- otiesuse were collected for isolation and identification of Vibrio cho]erae, dysentery （shigella）, vibrio cholerae, salmonella, and 5 kinds of diarrheagenic E.eoli. [Results] The cases of foodborne diseases were concentrated in the second and third quarter,the outpatient peak in sentinel hospital appeared in the third quarter. A total of 1 773 stool specimens of diarrhoea patients were col- lected in 4 years,231 strains of foodborne pathogenic bacteria were detected,with the detection rate of 13.03% ,the highest one appeared in 2015 （22.32%）. In 4 years, 114 strains of salmonella （49.35%） 41 intestinal pathogenic Eschefichia coli strains （ 17.75%）,27 strains of Shigella bacteria （ 11.68% ）, 12 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus （5.19%）,the other 17 strains of in- testinal pathogenic bacteria （7.36%）,20 strains of norovirus（8.66% ） were detected. Foodborne disease cases were concentrated in 0-〈7 and 20-〈40 years age groups, accounting for 32.77% and 34.69% of monitored people. The ratio of male to female was 1.37：1 ,without significant difference （P〉0.05）.[Conclusion] Most cases of foodborne disease appear in the second and third quarter of Daxing District, with most patients of 0-〈7 and 20-〈40 years age groups, and many kinds of pathogenic microorganisms. It is necessary to enhance monitoring.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 哨点医院 监测分析 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]