不同蛋白水平对2种规格石斑鱼生长性能、血清生化及肌肉品质的影响  

Effect of dietary protein level on growth performance,plasma biochemical indices and flesh quality of grouper(Epinephelus lanceolatus × E.fuscoguttatus) at two growth stages

作　　者：赵书燕[1,2,3] 林黑着[1] 黄忠[1] 周传朋[1] 王珺[1] 王芸[1] 戚常乐 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]广东越群海洋生物研究开发有限公司,广东揭阳522000

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2017年第4期87-96,共10页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201403011)

摘　　要：为研究2个不同生长阶段石斑鱼(Epinephelus lanceolatus×E.fuscoguttatus)对饲料蛋白质的需求,设计了蛋白水平分别为37%、40%、43%、46%和49%5组等脂等能的饲料。大规格石斑鱼平均初始体质量为(341.29±5.72)g,小规格石斑鱼平均初始体质量为(83.93±0.30)g,每个网箱15尾,每组饲料3个平行,养殖8周。结果显示,大、小规格石斑鱼增重率、特定生长率均随饲料蛋白水平的增加先升高后降低,大规格组间无显著差异(P>0.05),小规格43%组石斑鱼特定生长率最大(P<0.05)。2个生长阶段石斑鱼的饲料系数、脏体比、肝体比、胆固醇和血糖随蛋白水平增加显著降低(P<0.05),血清蛋白含量先增加后降低(P<0.05)。大规格石斑鱼的肌肉灰分随蛋白水平增加先升高后降低,小规格石斑鱼则显著升高(P<0.05)。肌肉滴水损失率、蒸煮损失率随蛋白水平增加显著降低,p H逐渐增加,肌肉硬度和弹性先增加后降低(P<0.05)。结果表明,大规格石斑鱼适宜蛋白需求量为40.94%,小规格石斑鱼蛋白需求量为43.44%,小规格石斑鱼品质优于大规格石斑鱼。An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to obtain the protein requirement of groupers （ Epinephelus lanceolatus x E. fuscoguttatus） at two growth stages. Five isolipidic and isoenergetic diets containing 37%, 40%, 43%, 46% and 49% crude protein were fed to triplicate groups of 15 groupers [average initial body weight ： I （83.93±0. 30） g, II （341.29±5.72） g]. The results show that the weight gain rate （WGR） and specific growth rate （SGR） increased and then decreased with increasing dietary protein level, and no significant difference was found among treatments at the second stage （P 〉 0. 05）. The SGR reached to the maximum at 43 % protein level （ P 〈 0. 05 ） at the first stage. With increasing protein level, the feed conversion rate （ FCR）, hepatosomatic index （HSI） , viscerosomatic index （VSI） , serum cholesterol （GHO） and glucose （GLU） decreased significantly, while the total protein （TP） increased and then decreased at both stages （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The muscle ash increased at the first stage and then decreased at the second stage （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The flesh drip-loss rate and cooking loss rate decreased, while the pH value increased gradually, and the muscle hardness and springiness increased and then decreased with increasing protein level （P 〈 0. 05）. The results indicate that the protein requirement of the second stage was 40. 94% , and that of the first stage was 43.44%. The flesh quality at the first stage was better than that at the second stage.

关 键 词：石斑鱼 饲料蛋白质 营养需求 生长 肌肉品质 

分 类 号：S963.72[农业科学—水产养殖]