北京某城区小学生肥胖与学校周边快餐店数目关联分析  

A multi-level analysis of association between fast-food restaurants around schools and obesity among primary students in a district of Beijing

作　　者：承钰 李钦[1] 高爱钰[2] 王竞雪[3] 莫然[3] 闫钇岑 张泽菲 段佳丽[4] 王海俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院妇女与儿童青少年卫生学系,北京100191 [2]北京市东城区中小学卫生保健所 [3]北京大学第一医院 [4]北京市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2017年第7期1051-1054,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：中华医学基金资助项目(11-064)

摘　　要：目的探讨学校周边快餐店数目与小学生肥胖的关联,为制定儿童肥胖的干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,选取北京市1个城区10所小学三~五年级学生共822名作为研究对象,进行身高、体重测量。使用百度地图检索学校周边半径800 m范围内快餐店数目。问卷调查学生年龄、性别、饮食行为、身体活动情况、视屏行为等肥胖相关的个体因素,以及父母的身高、体重和母亲受教育水平等家庭因素。采用两水平Logistic回归模型,分析学校周边快餐店数目与小学生肥胖的关联。结果 10所小学周边快餐店数目为(4.20±2.74)个/所。小学生肥胖率为8.64%,其中男生为12.50%,女生为4.83%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=15.315,P<0.01)。在不考虑肥胖相关的其他因素时,学校周边快餐店数目多是学生肥胖的危险因素(OR=1.092,95%CI=1.001~1.190);在调整个体因素和家庭因素后,学校周边快餐店数目多仍是学生肥胖的危险因素(OR=1.138,95%CI=1.030~1.258)。结论学校周边快餐店数目多是学生肥胖的危险因素,且独立于个体和家庭因素对学生肥胖产生影响。Objective To explore the association between the number of fast-food restaurants around schools and obesity among primary students,and to provide a scientific evidence for the making preventive measures of childhood obesity. Methods Cluster random sampling method was employed to select 822 students from grade 3-5 in 10 primary schools in one urban district of Beijing. And their body weight and height were measured. The fast-food restaurants within an 800 m buffer of school centroids were searched through Baidu Map. Other information associated with obesity, such as age, gender, dietary behaviors, physical activity,screen-based sedentary behaviors of students and body weight, height, education of parents, were obtained through questionnaires.A two-level logistic regression model was used to examine the association between fast-food restaurants around schools and obesity among primary students while controlling for other individual and family factors. Results The average number of fast-food restaurants around the 10 schools was（ 4.20±2.74）. The prevalence of obesity was 8.64% among primary students, 12.50% among boys and 4.83% among girls. The differences were of statistical significance（ χ^2= 15.315, P〈0.01）. Without controlling for other individual and family factors, the number of the fast-food restaurants around schools was a risk factor for childhood obesity with the OR of 1.092（ 95%CI： 1.001-1.190）. After controlling for these factors, the association still existed with the OR of 1.138（ 95%CI： 1.030-1.258）. Conclusion The number of the fast-food restaurants around schools was a risk factor for childhood obesity and had an independent influence onobesity among primary students.

关 键 词：肥胖症 食品 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R195[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]