美国诗歌:从神性到人性  

American Poetry:From Divinity to Humanity

作　　者：曾雪梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2017年第1期150-158,共9页English and American Literary Studies

摘　　要：从17世纪到19世纪，美国诗歌所反映的神性、人性和自然三者的关系经历了由神性至上，人与自然的关系疏离，到人性至上，神性、人性和自然三者合一的演变过程。17世纪的清教诗歌以宣扬清教教义为目的，神性至上，上帝高高在上并决定人的命运和自然的运作，人和自然的地位都是卑微的；19世纪爱默生创立的超验主义思想倡导天人合一的理念，抬高人的地位，提出自然的宗教观。受到爱默生超验主义思想鼓舞的惠特曼在诗歌中进一步将人性从宗教束缚下彻底解放出来，让人回归自然，提出人性和自然的融合，推动了美国民主发展的进程。From the 17th century to the 19th century, the relationship among God, man and nature reflected in American poetry experienced the evolution from the worship of divinity to the worship of humanity, and to harmony between humanity and nature. The puritan poetry of the 17th century, with championing puritanism as the only purpose, celebrates God and his creation, debasing man and nature to the extreme. The 19th century romanticist Emerson appeals to the transcendental ideal of the union of God, man and nature which reveals a natural religious belief, and elevates the position of man. Emerson＇s transcendentalism encourages Whitman to liberate man from the fetter of religion and eulogize the nature and divinity of human beings, which actually has stimulated the development of American democracy.

关 键 词：神性 人性 自然 清教主义 超验主义 

分 类 号：I712.072[文学—其他各国文学]