语言认知老化机制及其神经基础  

The cognitive mechanism and neural basis of aging in language processing

作　　者：何文广[1] 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学教育科学学院,曲阜273165

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2017年第9期1479-1491,共13页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目资助(项目号:13CYY026)

摘　　要：老龄化个体出现的认知障碍在某种程度上是由于语言的认知老化所导致,因此,了解语言认知老化的具体表现、老化机制及其神经基础对于延缓语言认知老化、矫正老年痴呆有重要意义。首先基于理解和产生两个维度,分别从词汇、句子和文本三个层面分析了语言认知老化的表现,而后着重从工作记忆的角度分析了语言认知老化的认知机制,在此基础上,进一步从词汇加工、语义提取、句法分析三个方面分析了语言认知老化的神经基础,并指出半球不对称性减弱和脑区的弥散性激活是语言认知老化的主要神经表现。最后,围绕着语言认知老化的"发展进程、领域表现形式、干预矫正方法"三个必须解决的问题展开讨论,为该领域未来的发展做出理论上的铺垫。Some disorders in cognition were from the aging in language processing. Thus, it＇s very important to explore the performance and the mechanism of aging in language processing for slowing the aging in cognition, as well as curing Alzheimer＇s disease. In line with comprehension and production, we firstly analyzed the performances of aging in processing lexical, sentence and course. Then, the mechanism of aging in language processing was talked about in respect of working memory. Thirdly, the neural-basis of language processing were dealt with three facets of language： lexical processing, semantic retrieving and syntactic analysis. Finally, 3 key issues about aging in language processing, such as the progressing, the performances and intervening methods, were discussed with aims to pave up for future studies about aging in language processing.

关 键 词：语言 语言认知 认知老化 神经机制 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]