青少年的抑郁状况及其影响因素研究  

Analysis on the status and influencing factors for depression during adolescence

作　　者：邹敏[1] 王艳郁[1] 尹训宝[2] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院心理学系,山东潍坊261053 [2]潍坊医学院心理健康服务中心,山东潍坊261053

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第18期3360-3362,3366,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山东省青少年研究规划课题"青少年抑郁情绪的归因机制研究"(SDYSB150356)

摘　　要：目的了解青少年的抑郁状况,探讨学业归因与交往归因的不同模式对青少年抑郁的影响,为青少年抑郁的归因训练方案设计提供理论依据。方法采用流调中心用抑郁量表(the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale,CES-D)、中学生学业归因量表、中小学生交往归因量表对山东某市初一至高三的492名青少年进行调查,运用SPSS17.0对数据进行统计分析。结果高中生CES-D≥16分的比例高于初中生(χ2=9.201,P<0.01);非独生青少年CESD≥16分的比例高于独生青少年(χ2=12.487,P<0.001)。回归分析发现,年级(OR=2.56)、交往成功的EUU归因(OR=1.24)、交往失败的IUU归因(OR=1.44)、学业成功的ESU归因(OR=1.14)、学业失败的ISU归因(OR=1.45)是青少年抑郁发生的危险因素。结论影响青少年抑郁的关键领域不仅在于学业,还在于交往。消极归因是青少年抑郁的危险因素。应积极采取归因训练的干预措施,以改善青少年的抑郁状况。Objective The aim of this study was to investigate status of depression during adolescence and explore the influence of some critical attributional dimensions on teenagers ＇ depression, in order to provide the basis for designing attribution training for depression. Methods Three questionnaires including CSE-D, academic attribution scale and communicative attribution scale were used to investigate 492 teenagers from grade 1 in junior high school to grade 3 in senior high school. A total of 492 valid questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 17.0. Results The senior high school students＇ proportion of CES-D≥16 was higher than junior high school students＇（χ2=9.201, P〈0.01）. The non-only child＇s proportion of CES-D ≥16 was higher than the only child＇s（χ2=12.487, P 〈0.001）. According to the results of logistic regression analysis, senior grades（OR =2.56）, attribution of communication success to EUU（OR =1.24）, attribution of communication failure to IUU（OR=1.44）, attribution of academic success to ESU（OR=1.14）, and attribution of academic failure to ISU（OR=1.45） were the risk factors. Conclusion The key area resulting in depression lies not only in academic but also in interaction.Negative attribution patterns were the risk factors for teenagers ＇ depression. Intervention measures of attribution training should be actively carried out to improve depression during adolescence.

关 键 词：青少年 抑郁 学业归因 交往归因 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]