3D打印医学模型在结构性心脏病临床教学中的应用  

Application of three-dimension printing in teaching of structural heart disease

作　　者：范粉灵[1] 成革胜[1] 张松林[1] 邵晖 兰贝蒂[1] 霍晓微 罗晓惠[1] 张玉顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院,西安710061

出　　处：《中国医学教育技术》2017年第5期583-588,共6页China Medical Education Technology

摘　　要：3D打印技术是近年来将计算机三维立体设计图形与逐层打印结合起来形成的一种新技术,可以形象、生动地展示近乎于实体的所有结构特征。而结构性心脏病作为与心脏和大血管结构有关的疾病总称,顾名思义,其核心病理改变为结构的改变,对其理解和分析很大程度上依赖空间思维和展示,因此成为心脏病教学的难点和重点。文章针对结构性心脏病教学中存在的教与学的两难问题,探讨将3D打印技术应用于该类疾病的教学中,通过建立立体的清晰可见的结构性心脏病实体模型,来解释正常或异常心脏及大血管结构改变的病理表型及疾病产生的基本机理,来认识和理解各种结构性心脏病,甚至罕见少见病例畸形。该方法可直观、形象、三维角度地用实物展现结构性心脏病,有助于学生形成良好的心脏和大血管空间思维模式,并通过对少见病、罕见病模型的观摩,理解其机理和产生的血流动力学等病理结果,丰富其专业知识,提高其分析能力和诊治能力。该教学方法和模型值得在教学中推广应用。3D p r in t in g is a new tech n o lo g y developed in re c e n t y ears th a t combines computer 3D graph design with layer-by-layer printing. It can vividly present any structural features almost identical to those of the actual objects. Structural heart diseases （SHDs） are a general term referring to diseases related to the structure of the heart and large blood vessels, which means its core pathological changes are structural ones. Therefore, understanding and analysis of them depend greatly on multi-dimensional thinking and demonstration, which have long been a difficult and key point in structural heart diseases teaching. In view of the difficulties in SHDs teaching and learning, this paper discusses ways to apply 3D printing technology in teaching of this type of diseases by constructing clear and visible real SHD models to explain the pathological types of structural changes of normal and abnormal heart and large blood vessels as well as the basic mechanism of the disease so that students can understand various SHDs and even some rare abnormalities. This method can vividly display SHDs with real objects in three dimensions, which helps students develop the spatial thinking mode of heart and large blood vessels. By observing the models of rare diseases, they can understand their mechanism and pathological findings of blood dynamics, enrich their professional knowledge, and improve their abilities to analyze, diagnose and treat SHDs. This teaching method and model are worth popu-larizing in teaching.

关 键 词：3D打印 结构性心脏病 临床教学 应用效果 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]