母语者和第二语言学习者汉语阅读中语块加工优势的眼动研究  

Processing Advantage of Formulaic Sequences in Chinese Reading by Native and Second Language Speakers:An Eye-tracking Study

作　　者：高珊 Gao Shan

机构地区：[1]青岛大学国际教育学院 [2]北京语言大学对外汉语研究中心

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2017年第4期560-575,共16页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：北京语言大学梧桐创新平台项目(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金)(项目编号:16PT01);北京语言大学重大项目(中央高校基本科研业务专项资金)(项目编号:14ZDJ03)和北京语言大学优秀博士学位论文培育计划的资助

摘　　要：语块在语言中大量存在,语块加工是否存在优势,对此学界还存在争议。本研究以包含语块和相对应非语块的72个汉语句子作为实验材料,以62名中级、高级汉语第二语言学习者和33名汉语母语者作为被试,考察阅读过程中语块与非语块加工的差异。实验结果显示,在目标词组(指语块和非语块)、目标词组末尾字、目标词组后位词和整句四个兴趣区,汉语母语者和第二语言学习者都表现出稳定的语块加工优势。这种加工优势表现为更短的注视时间和更少的注视次数,且在阅读的早期阶段和后期阶段都有所体现。在目标词组兴趣区母语者的语块加工优势比第二语言学习者更大。Formulaic sequences are widespread in language. Are they processed more efficiently？ We investigated the processing advantage of formulaic sequences using the eye- tracking paradigm. 33 native Chinese speakers and 62 Chinese as a second language learn- ers were asked to read 72 Chinese sentences in which formulaic sequences and nonformula- ic phrases matched in word frequency were embedded. The results of both native speakers and second language learners indicate a processing advantage for formulaic sequences, as evidenced by shorter and fewer fixations. The processing advantage was found in every ROI （the phrase, the terminal character, the next word and the whole sentence ） and in both early and late measures. In the phrase region native speakers enjoyed a greater pro- cessing advantage than second language learners. The findings are in support of the usage- based theory.

关 键 词：语块 汉语阅读 二语 眼动 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]