基于冷却液温度的柴油机不同海拔热平衡试验研究  

An experimental study of diesel engine heat balance based on coolant temperature at different altitudes

作　　者：周磊[1] 刘振明[1] 刘瑞林 许翔 聂涛 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学动力工程学院,武汉430033 [2]军事交通学院军用车辆系,天津300161

出　　处：《海军工程大学学报》2017年第5期67-72,共6页Journal of Naval University of Engineering

基　　金：国家973计划资助项目(613252);海军工程大学自主立项基金资助项目(452271K142)

摘　　要：针对柴油机在高原运行时存在的热负荷增大、冷却系统散热能力降低等热平衡问题,设计了电控共轨柴油机热平衡性能高海拔模拟试验装置,进行了基于冷却液温度的柴油机不同海拔热平衡试验,分析了在不同海拔下冷却液温度对柴油机热流量分配的影响。结果表明:海拔不变时,随冷却液温度的升高,有效功热量、排气散热量以及余项损失均增加,而冷却液散热量却在下降,且各部分热量变化幅度随海拔升高而增大。海拔为0km、3km以及5km时,冷却液温度每升高10℃,有效功热量分别增加了2.65%、2.99%以及3.88%,排气散热量分别增加了1.91%、2.19%以及3.08%,余项损失分别增加了21.1%、29.3%以及43.4%,冷却液散热量分别下降了9.8%、10.6%以及11.8%。冷却液温度不变时,随海拔的升高,有效功热量和排气散热量均下降,而冷却液散热量和余项损失均增加。To deal with the problems of diesel engine working at plateau, such as the increasing of heat load and decreasing of cooling capacity in cooling system, an experiment of diesel engine heat balance based on coolant temperature at different altitudes is carried out via self-designed heat balance simulation experimental device of heavy-duty common-rail diesel engine at high altitude. The effects of coolant temperature on the diesel engine heat flow distribution at different altitudes are analyzed. The results show that when the altitude is fixed, the effective heat, exhaust heat and residual loss increase with the rise of coolant temperature, while the coolant heat decreases and the variations of each heat become greater with the rise of altitude. At an altitude of 0 km, 3 km and 5 km, with the coolant temperature rising every 10 ℃, the effective heat increases 2.70 , 3.00 and 3.90 respectively, the exhaust heat increases 1.90, 2.20 and 3.10 respectively, the residual loss increases 21.10, 29.30 and 43.40 respectively, and the coolant heat decreases 9.80,10.60 and 11.80 respectively. When the coolant temperature is fixed, the effective heat and exhaust heat decrease with the rise of altitude while the coolant heat and residual loss increase.

关 键 词：冷却液温度 电控共轨柴油机 不同海拔 热平衡 

分 类 号：TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]